{"Name":"Obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0013015","id":13015,"encodedName":"obesity-due-to-congenital-leptin-deficiency","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency","Xref_IDs__c":"C120384; C3554224; DOID:0111334; MEDGEN:767138; MONDO:0013991; OMIM:614962; ORPHA:66628","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":5,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":5,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":7,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0013991","Disease_Description__c":"Congenital leptin deficiency is a form of monogenic obesity characterised by severe early-onset obesity and marked hyperphagia.","GARD_Name__c":"Obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency","GARD_Synonym__c":"congenital leptin deficiency; leptin deficiency; leptin deficiency or dysfunction; obesity, morbid, due to leptin deficiency","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MEDGEN:C3554224","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Congenital leptin deficiency is a condition that causes severe obesity beginning in the first few months of life. Affected individuals are of normal weight at birth, but they are constantly hungry and quickly gain weight. Without treatment, the extreme hunger continues and leads to chronic excessive eating (hyperphagia) and obesity. Beginning in early childhood, affected individuals develop abnormal eating behaviors such as fighting with other children over food, hoarding food, and eating in secret. People with congenital leptin deficiency also have hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which is a condition caused by reduced production of hormones that direct sexual development. Without treatment, affected individuals experience delayed puberty or do not go through puberty, and may be unable to conceive children (infertile).","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Child","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:66628","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0013991","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:66628","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Obesidad por deficiencia congénita de leptina","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:66628","Spanish_Description__c":"La deficiencia congénita de leptina es una forma de obesidad monogénica caracterizada por obesidad grave de inicio temprano e hiperfagia acusada.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"obesidad por deficiencia congénita de leptina","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":null,"Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:97978","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Congenital leptin deficiency is a condition that causes severe obesity beginning in the first few months of life. Affected individuals are of normal weight at birth, but they are constantly hungry and quickly gain weight. Without treatment, the extreme hunger continues and leads to chronic excessive eating (hyperphagia) and obesity. Beginning in early childhood, affected individuals develop abnormal eating behaviors such as fighting with other children over food, hoarding food, and eating in secret. People with congenital leptin deficiency also have hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which is a condition caused by reduced production of hormones that direct sexual development. Without treatment, affected individuals experience delayed puberty or do not go through puberty, and may be unable to conceive children (infertile).","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MEDGEN:C3554224","GARD_Synonym__c":"congenital leptin deficiency; leptin deficiency; leptin deficiency or dysfunction; obesity, morbid, due to leptin deficiency","Name":"Obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Endocrine","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Endocrine diseases affect hormone production or how the body responds to a specific hormone(s).","curated_tag_name":"Endocrine diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Urogenital Disorders","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Urinary and reproductive diseases affect the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, or the reproductive organs.","curated_tag_name":"Urinary and reproductive diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Obstetrics / Gynecology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Urologist","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Infertility","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Infertility"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pituitary deficiency","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Pituitary deficiencies"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Childhood","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C3554224"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0013015","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=767138","Source__c":"C3554224","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:767138"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C3554224","Source__c":"C3554224","Xref__c":"C3554224"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/614962","Source__c":"C3554224; MONDO:0013991; ORPHA:66628","Xref__c":"OMIM:614962"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/66628","Source__c":"C3554224; MONDO:0013991; ORPHA:66628","Xref__c":"ORPHA:66628"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0111334","Source__c":"MONDO:0013991","Xref__c":"DOID:0111334"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/congenital-leptin-deficiency","Source__c":"GARD:0013015","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/congenital-leptin-deficiency"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0013991","Source__c":"GARD:0013015","Xref__c":"MONDO:0013991"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C120384","Source__c":"C3554224","Xref__c":"C120384"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=700150001","Source__c":"C3554224","Xref__c":"700150001"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"LEP","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/lep","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Decreased or impaired activation of T cells in response to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005419","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased T lymphocyte activation; Decreased T-cell activation; Decreased T-lymphocyte activation; Defective T cell activation; Profound depletion of T4+ lymphocytes","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased T cell activation","Feature_System__c":"Immune System; Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduced volume of the testicle (the male gonad).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008734","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased testicular size; Decreased testicular volume; Hypoplastic testes; Reduced testicular volume; Small testes; Small testis; Testicular hypoplasia","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased testicular size","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A neurological anomaly with gross overeating associated with an abnormally strong desire or need to eat.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002591","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hyperphagia; Voracious appetite","HPO_Name__c":"Polyphagia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"No secondary sexual characteristics are present at puberty.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008187","HPO_Synonym__c":"No secondary sexual characteristics at puberty","HPO_Name__c":"Absence of secondary sex characteristics","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections as manifested by a history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (running ears - otitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002788","HPO_Synonym__c":"Frequent upper respiratory infections; Frequent upper respiratory tract infections; Recurrent colds; Recurrent upper respiratory and lower respiratory infections; Recurrent upper respiratory infection; Recurrent upper respiratory infections; Recurrent URI; Upper respiratory tract infections; Upper respiratory tract infections, recurrent","HPO_Name__c":"Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system; Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduced function of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females) associated with excess pituitary gonadotropin secretion and resulting in delayed sexual development and growth delay.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000815","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism; Primary hypogonadism","HPO_Name__c":"Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0040171","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased serum testosterone level; Decreased serum testosterone levels; Low serum testosterone level; Low serum testosterone levels","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased serum testosterone concentration","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal development of large mammary glands in males resulting in breast enlargement.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000771","HPO_Synonym__c":"Enlarged male breast; Gynaecomastia","HPO_Name__c":"Gynecomastia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An increased concentration of insulin in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000842","HPO_Synonym__c":"Elevated insulin level","HPO_Name__c":"Hyperinsulinemia","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004926","HPO_Name__c":"Orthostatic hypotension due to autonomic dysfunction","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of hypothyroidism that results from a defect in thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008245","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low thyroid gland function due to abnormal pituitary gland; Secondary hypothyroidism; Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency; Thyrotropin deficiency; TSH deficient hypothyroidism","HPO_Name__c":"Pituitary hypothyroidism","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A reduction below normal concentration of estradiol in the circulation.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008214","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased serum estradiol","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased serum estradiol","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormally increased rate of skeletal maturation. Accelerated skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005616","HPO_Synonym__c":"Advanced bone age; Early bone maturation; Premature epiphyseal closure; Premature epiphyseal ossification; Premature fusion of the epiphyseal growth plate","HPO_Name__c":"Accelerated skeletal maturation","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000786","HPO_Name__c":"Primary amenorrhea","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Always (100%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased concentration of leptin in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003292","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased serum leptin; Reduced circulating leptin level","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased serum leptin","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Always (100%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Accumulation of substantial excess body fat.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001513","HPO_Synonym__c":"Having too much body fat; Obesity","HPO_Name__c":"Obesity","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Developmental hypoplasia of the ovary.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008724","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypoplastic ovary; Underdeveloped ovary","HPO_Name__c":"Hypoplasia of the ovary","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal increase in the level of triglycerides in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002155","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased circulating Tg levels; Increased plasma Tg levels; Increased plasma triglycerides; Increased serum triglycerides; Increased triglycerides","HPO_Name__c":"Hypertriglyceridemia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of diabetes mellitus related not to lack of insulin but rather to lack of response to insulin on the part of the target tissues of insulin such as muscle, fat, and liver cells. This type of diabetes is typically associated with increases both in blood glucose concentrations as well as in fasting and postprandial serum insulin levels.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000831","HPO_Synonym__c":"Insulin resistant diabetes; Insulin resistant diabetes mellitus; Insulin-resistant diabetes","HPO_Name__c":"Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:66628","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal decrease of helper CD3+CD4+ T cells, measured as percentage of total CD3+ T cells in the blood, compared to a reference range for a given sex and age-group. These are usually measured within the TCR alpha/beta positive population.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0032218","HPO_Synonym__c":"CD4 T cell lymphopenia; Decreased helper T cell proportion; Decreased proportion circulating T-helper cells; Decreased proportion of CD4+ cells; Decreased proportion of CD4+ T cells; Decreased proportion of CD4-positive helper T cells; Decreased proportion of CD4-positive T cells; Decreased proportion of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells; Reduced helper T cell proportion; Reduced proportion of CD4-positive cells","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased CD4+ T cell proportion","Feature_System__c":"Immune System; Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Endocrine","Urogenital Disorders"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Endocrine","Obstetrics / Gynecology","Urologist","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Infertility","Pituitary deficiency"]},"synonyms":["congenital leptin deficiency"," leptin deficiency"," leptin deficiency or dysfunction"," obesity, morbid, due to leptin deficiency"]}