{"Name":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia 44","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0017478","id":17478,"encodedName":"hereditary-spastic-paraplegia-44","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia 44","Xref_IDs__c":"723821002; C2750784; C567707; DOID:0110796; MEDGEN:413042; MONDO:0013179; OMIM:613206; ORPHA:320401","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":4,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":0,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":0,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0013179","Disease_Description__c":"Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44 (SPG44) is a very rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a late-onset, slowly progressive spastic paraplegia associated with mild ataxia and dysarthria, upper extremity involvement (i.e. loss of finger dexterity, dysmetria), and mild cognitive impairment, without the presence of nystagmus. A hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and thin corpus callosum is observed in all cases and psychomotor development is normal or near normal. SPG44 is caused by mutations in the <i>GJC2</i> gene (1q41-q42) encoding the gap junction gamma-2 protein.","GARD_Name__c":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia 44","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia caused by mutation in gjc2; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 44; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44; gjc2 autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia; hereditary spastic paraplegia type 44; spastic paraplegia 44; spastic paraplegia 44, autosomal recessive; spg44","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:320401","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44 (SPG44) is a very rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a late-onset, slowly progressive spastic paraplegia associated with mild ataxia and dysarthria, upper extremity involvement (i.e. loss of finger dexterity, dysmetria), and mild cognitive impairment, without the presence of nystagmus. People with this disease also have a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and thin corpus callosum with normal or near normal psychomotor development. SPG44 is caused by mutations in the <i>GJC2</i> gene (1q41-q42) encoding the gap junction gamma-2 protein.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Teenager and as an Adult","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:320401","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0013179","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:320401","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Paraplejía espástica autosómica recesiva tipo 44","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:320401","Spanish_Description__c":"Es una forma muy poco frecuente y compleja de paraparesia espástica hereditaria caracterizada por un inicio tardío de una paraparesia espástica de progresión lenta asociada a leve ataxia y disartria, afectación de las extremidades superiores (p. ej., pérdida de la motricidad fina de los dedos, dismetría) y leves alteraciones cognitivas, en ausencia de nistagmo. En todos los casos se observa leucodistrofia hipomielinizante y adelgazamiento del cuerpo calloso, mientras que el desarrollo psicomotor es normal o prácticamente normal. La enfermedad está causada por mutaciones en el gen <i>GJC2</i> (1q41-q42), que codifica la proteína de unión gap gamma 2.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"paraplejía espástica autosómica recesiva tipo 44","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"spg44","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:98006","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44 (SPG44) is a very rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a late-onset, slowly progressive spastic paraplegia associated with mild ataxia and dysarthria, upper extremity involvement (i.e. loss of finger dexterity, dysmetria), and mild cognitive impairment, without the presence of nystagmus. People with this disease also have a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and thin corpus callosum with normal or near normal psychomotor development. SPG44 is caused by mutations in the <i>GJC2</i> gene (1q41-q42) encoding the gap junction gamma-2 protein.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:320401","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia caused by mutation in gjc2; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 44; autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44; gjc2 autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia; hereditary spastic paraplegia type 44; spastic paraplegia 44; spastic paraplegia 44, autosomal recessive; spg44","Name":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia 44","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Spastic Paraplegia Foundation","Website__c":"https://sp-foundation.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Hereditary spastic paraplegia"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neuromuscular medicine","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neuromuscular medicine"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Adolescent","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Adult","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C2750784","Source__c":"C2750784","Xref__c":"C2750784"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C567707","Source__c":"MONDO:0013179","Xref__c":"C567707"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0110796","Source__c":"MONDO:0013179","Xref__c":"DOID:0110796"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/613206","Source__c":"C2750784; MONDO:0013179; ORPHA:320401","Xref__c":"OMIM:613206"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/320401","Source__c":"C2750784; MONDO:0013179; ORPHA:320401","Xref__c":"ORPHA:320401"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=413042","Source__c":"C2750784","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:413042"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=723821002","Source__c":"C2750784; MONDO:0013179","Xref__c":"723821002"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0013179","Source__c":"GARD:0017478","Xref__c":"MONDO:0013179"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"GJC2","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/gjc2","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An increase in height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot that does not flatten on weight bearing (i.e., a distinctly hollow form of the sole of the foot when it is bearing weight).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001761","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cavus foot; High-arched foot","HPO_Name__c":"Pes cavus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Spasticity (velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone and hyperexcitable tendon reflexes) in the muscles of the lower limbs, hips, and pelvis.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002061","HPO_Synonym__c":"Lower extremities spasticity; Lower extremity spasticity; Spastic lower extremities; Spastic lower extremity; Spastic lower limb; Spastic lower limbs; Spasticity in lower extremities; Spasticity in lower extremity; Spasticity in lower limb; Spasticity in lower limbs; Spasticity of lower extremities; Spasticity of lower extremity; Spasticity of lower limb; Spasticity of lower limbs","HPO_Name__c":"Lower limb spasticity","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduced amount of myelin in the central nervous system resulting from defective myelinogenesis.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003429","HPO_Name__c":"CNS hypomyelination","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of hearing impairment in one or both ears related to an abnormal functionality of the cochlear nerve.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000407","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hearing loss, sensorineural; Sensorineural deafness; Sensorineural hearing loss","HPO_Name__c":"Sensorineural hearing impairment","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Ataxia refers to impaired coordination of voluntary muscle movement. Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001251","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cerebellar ataxia","HPO_Name__c":"Ataxia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001250","HPO_Synonym__c":"Epileptic seizure; Seizures","HPO_Name__c":"Seizure","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal function of a sphincter of the urinary bladder.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002839","HPO_Synonym__c":"Sphincter disturbance; Sphincter disturbances","HPO_Name__c":"Urinary bladder sphincter dysfunction","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the primary sensation that is mediated by peripheral nerves (pain, temperature, touch, vibration, joint position). The word hypoesthesia (or hypesthesia) refers to a reduction in cutaneous sensation to a specific type of testing.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003474","HPO_Synonym__c":"Sensory impairment","HPO_Name__c":"Somatic sensory dysfunction","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the auditory evoked potentials, which are used to trace the signal generated by a sound, from the cochlear nerve, through the lateral lemniscus, to the medial geniculate nucleus, and to the cortex.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006958","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal brainstem auditory-evoked potentials","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal auditory evoked potentials","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001260","HPO_Synonym__c":"Difficulty articulating speech; Dysarthric speech","HPO_Name__c":"Dysarthria","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), i.e., of the electrical signals of sensation going from the body to the brain in response to a defined stimulus. Recording electrodes are placed over the scalp, spine, and peripheral nerves proximal to the stimulation site. Clinical studies generally use electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves to elicit potentials. SSEP testing determines whether peripheral sensory nerves are able to transmit sensory information like pain, temperature, and touch to the brain. Abnormal SSEPs can result from dysfunction at the level of the peripheral nerve, plexus, spinal root, spinal cord, brain stem, thalamocortical projections, or primary somatosensory cortex.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0007377","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of SSEPs","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of somatosensory evoked potentials","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly identified by motor evoked potentials (MEPs). MEPs are measured following single-pulse or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and can be used for the assessment of the excitability of the motor cortex and the integrity of conduction along the central and peripheral motor pathways.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012896","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal motor evoked potentials","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000486","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cross-eyed; Squint; Squint eyes","HPO_Name__c":"Strabismus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The term gait disturbance can refer to any disruption of the ability to walk.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001288","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal gait; Abnormal walk; Difficulty in walking; Gait abnormalities; Gait difficulties; Gait disturbances; Impaired gait; Walking disability","HPO_Name__c":"Gait disturbance","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of motor delay characterized by a delay in acquiring the ability to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, and crawling.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002194","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delayed attainment of gross motor milestones; Delayed attainment of gross motor skills; Delayed development of gross motor milestones; Delayed development of gross motor skills; Delayed gross motor milestones; Delayed gross motor skills; Delayed motor skills; Developmental delay, gross motor; Gross motor delay; Limited gross motor development; Limited gross motor skills","HPO_Name__c":"Delayed gross motor development","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:320401","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly of visually evoked potentials (VEP), which are electrical potentials, initiated by brief visual stimuli, which are recorded from the scalp overlying the visual cortex.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000649","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal vision evoked potentials; Abnormal visual evoked potential; Abnormal visual evoked responses; Abnormal visual-evoked potentials; VEP abnormalities","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of visual evoked potentials","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Neuromuscular medicine","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia"]},"synonyms":["autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia caused by mutation in gjc2"," autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 44"," autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44"," gjc2 autosomal recessive complex spastic paraplegia"," hereditary spastic paraplegia type 44"," spastic paraplegia 44"," spastic paraplegia 44, autosomal recessive"," spg44"]}