{"Name":"Sialidosis","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0021331","id":21331,"encodedName":"sialidosis","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Sialidosis","Xref_IDs__c":"38795005; C0268226; C125596; MEDGEN:120621; MONDO:0017734; ORPHA:309294","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":4,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":5,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0017734","Disease_Description__c":"Sialidosis is a lysosomal storage disease, belonging to the group of oligosaccharidoses or glycoproteinoses, with a wide clinical spectrum that is divided into two main clinical subtypes: sialidosis type I (see this term), the milder, non dysmorphic form of the disease characterized by gait abnormalities, progressive visual loss, bilateral macular cherry red spots and myoclonus, that presents in adolescence or adulthood (second or third decade of life); and sialidosis type II (see this term) the more severe, early onset form, characterized by a progressive and severe mucopolysaccharidosis-like phenotype with coarse facies, visceromegaly, dysostosis multiplex, and developmental delay. Bilateral macular cherry red spots are also present. Sialidosis type II has been further divided into congenital (with hydrops fetalis), infantile and juvenile presentations.","GARD_Name__c":"Sialidosis","GARD_Synonym__c":"mucolipidosis i; mucolipidosis type i; mucolipidosis, type i","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0017734","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Sialidosis is a severe inherited disorder that affects many organs and tissues, including the nervous system. This disorder is divided into two types, which are distinguished by the age at which symptoms appear and the severity of features. Sialidosis type I, also referred to as cherry-red spot myoclonus syndrome, is the less severe form of this condition. People with type I develop signs and symptoms of sialidosis in their teens or twenties. Initially, affected individuals experience problems walking (gait disturbance) and/or a loss of sharp vision (reduced visual acuity). Individuals with sialidosis type I also experience muscle twitches (myoclonus), difficulty coordinating movements (ataxia), leg tremors, and seizures. The myoclonus worsens over time, causing difficulty sitting, standing, or walking. People with sialidosis type I eventually require wheelchair assistance. Affected individuals have progressive vision problems, including impaired color vision or night blindness. An eye abnormality called a cherry-red spot, which can be identified with an eye examination, is characteristic of this disorder. Sialidosis type I does not affect intelligence or life expectancy. Sialidosis type II, the more severe type of the disorder, is further divided into congenital, infantile, and juvenile forms. The features of congenital sialidosis type II can develop before birth. This form of sialidosis is associated with an abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity (ascites) or widespread swelling before birth caused by fluid accumulation (hydrops fetalis). Affected infants may also have an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), abnormal bone development (dysostosis multiplex), and distinctive facial features that are often described as 'coarse.'  As a result of these serious health problems, individuals with congenital sialidosis type II usually are stillborn or die soon after birth. Infantile sialidosis type II shares some features with the congenital form, although the signs and symptoms are slightly less severe and begin within the first year of life. Features of the infantile form include hepatosplenomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, 'coarse' facial features, short stature, and intellectual disability. As children with infantile sialidosis type II get older, they may develop myoclonus and cherry-red spots. Other signs and symptoms include hearing loss, overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia), and widely spaced teeth. Affected individuals may survive into childhood or adolescence. The juvenile form has the least severe signs and symptoms of the different forms of sialidosis type II. Features of this condition usually appear in late childhood and may include mildly 'coarse' facial features, mild bone abnormalities, cherry-red spots, myoclonus, intellectual disability, and dark red spots on the skin (angiokeratomas). The life expectancy of individuals with juvenile sialidosis type II varies depending on the severity of symptoms.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"at any time in life","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:309294","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Grouping","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0017734","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:309294","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Sialidosis","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:309294","Spanish_Description__c":"Es una enfermedad de depósito lisosomal, perteneciente al grupo de oligosacaridosis o glicoproteinosis, con un amplio espectro clínico que se divide en dos subtipos clínicos principales: sialidosis tipo I, la forma más leve y no dismórfica de la enfermedad, caracterizada por anomalías de la marcha, pérdida visual progresiva, manchas maculares bilaterales rojo cereza y mioclonías, que se presentan en la adolescencia o en la edad adulta (segunda o tercera década de la vida); y sialidosis tipo II, la forma más grave, de inicio temprano, caracterizada por un fenotipo similar a una mucopolisacaridosis progresiva y grave con facies tosca, visceromegalia, disostosis múltiple y retraso en el desarrollo. También están presentes manchas maculares rojo cereza bilaterales. La sialidosis tipo II se ha subdividido en presentaciones congénitas (con hidropesía fetal), infantiles y juveniles.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"sialidosis","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":null,"Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:68367","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Sialidosis is a severe inherited disorder that affects many organs and tissues, including the nervous system. This disorder is divided into two types, which are distinguished by the age at which symptoms appear and the severity of features. Sialidosis type I, also referred to as cherry-red spot myoclonus syndrome, is the less severe form of this condition. People with type I develop signs and symptoms of sialidosis in their teens or twenties. Initially, affected individuals experience problems walking (gait disturbance) and/or a loss of sharp vision (reduced visual acuity). Individuals with sialidosis type I also experience muscle twitches (myoclonus), difficulty coordinating movements (ataxia), leg tremors, and seizures. The myoclonus worsens over time, causing difficulty sitting, standing, or walking. People with sialidosis type I eventually require wheelchair assistance. Affected individuals have progressive vision problems, including impaired color vision or night blindness. An eye abnormality called a cherry-red spot, which can be identified with an eye examination, is characteristic of this disorder. Sialidosis type I does not affect intelligence or life expectancy. Sialidosis type II, the more severe type of the disorder, is further divided into congenital, infantile, and juvenile forms. The features of congenital sialidosis type II can develop before birth. This form of sialidosis is associated with an abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity (ascites) or widespread swelling before birth caused by fluid accumulation (hydrops fetalis). Affected infants may also have an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), abnormal bone development (dysostosis multiplex), and distinctive facial features that are often described as 'coarse.'  As a result of these serious health problems, individuals with congenital sialidosis type II usually are stillborn or die soon after birth. Infantile sialidosis type II shares some features with the congenital form, although the signs and symptoms are slightly less severe and begin within the first year of life. Features of the infantile form include hepatosplenomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, 'coarse' facial features, short stature, and intellectual disability. As children with infantile sialidosis type II get older, they may develop myoclonus and cherry-red spots. Other signs and symptoms include hearing loss, overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia), and widely spaced teeth. Affected individuals may survive into childhood or adolescence. The juvenile form has the least severe signs and symptoms of the different forms of sialidosis type II. Features of this condition usually appear in late childhood and may include mildly 'coarse' facial features, mild bone abnormalities, cherry-red spots, myoclonus, intellectual disability, and dark red spots on the skin (angiokeratomas). The life expectancy of individuals with juvenile sialidosis type II varies depending on the severity of symptoms.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0017734","GARD_Synonym__c":"mucolipidosis i; mucolipidosis type i; mucolipidosis, type i","Name":"Sialidosis","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Metabolic Support UK","Website__c":"https://www.metabolicsupportuk.org"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Ophthalmology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category","category_description":"Inherited metabolic diseases, or inborn errors of metabolism, are a group of genetic diseases that affect the ability of the body's cells to convert food into energy.","curated_tag_name":"Inherited metabolic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Lysosomal","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Cause;Disease Category","category_description":"Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of genetic metabolic diseases that affect the ability of the body's cells to break down substances and remove toxins.","curated_tag_name":"Lysosomal storage diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Retinal","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Retinal disorders"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"All ages","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:309294"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=120621","Source__c":"C0268226","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:120621"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0268226","Source__c":"C0268226","Xref__c":"C0268226"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=38795005","Source__c":"C0268226; MONDO:0017734","Xref__c":"38795005"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/309294","Source__c":"C0268226; MONDO:0017734; ORPHA:309294","Xref__c":"ORPHA:309294"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017734","Source__c":"GARD:0021331","Xref__c":"MONDO:0017734"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C125596","Source__c":"C0268226","Xref__c":"C125596"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/sialidosis","Source__c":"GARD:0021331","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/sialidosis"}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics","Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Lysosomal"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Congenital Abnormality","Lysosomal"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Ophthalmology","Retinal","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Lysosomal","Retinal"]},"synonyms":["mucolipidosis i"," mucolipidosis type i"," mucolipidosis, type i"]}