{"Name":"Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0002725","id":2725,"encodedName":"hartsfield-bixler-demyer-syndrome","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome","Xref_IDs__c":"766032007; C1845146; C564484; MEDGEN:335111; MONDO:0014196; OMIM:615465; ORPHA:2117","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":6,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:2117","Disease_Description__c":"A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by variable expression of the holoprosencephaly (HPE) spectrum in association with ectrodactyly, cleft lip/palate and/or other ectodermal anomalies. Developmental delay of variable severity and endocrine abnormalities are often associated.","GARD_Name__c":"Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome","GARD_Synonym__c":"hartsfield bixler demyer syndrome; hartsfield syndrome; holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip palate syndrome; holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip/palate syndrome; holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, and bilateral cleft lip/palate; holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, cleft lip, cleft palate syndrome; hrtfds","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:2117","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Hartsfield syndrome is a rare condition characterized by holoprosencephaly, which is an abnormality of brain development, and a malformation of the hands and feet called ectrodactyly. During early development before birth, the brain normally divides into two halves, the right and left hemispheres. Holoprosencephaly occurs when the brain fails to divide properly. In the most severe forms of holoprosencephaly, the brain does not divide at all. These affected individuals have one central eye (cyclopia) and a tubular nasal structure (proboscis) located above the eye. Most babies with severe holoprosencephaly die before birth or soon after. In less severe cases of holoprosencephaly, the brain is partially divided. The life expectancy of these affected individuals depends on the severity of signs and symptoms. People with Hartsfield syndrome often have other brain abnormalities associated with holoprosencephaly. Affected individuals may have a malfunctioning pituitary, which is a gland located at the base of the brain that produces several hormones. Because pituitary dysfunction leads to the partial or complete absence of these hormones, it can cause a variety of disorders. These include diabetes insipidus, which disrupts the balance between fluid intake and urine excretion; a shortage (deficiency) of growth hormone, leading to slow or delayed growth; and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which affects the production of hormones that direct sexual development. Dysfunction in other parts of the brain can cause seizures, feeding difficulties, and problems regulating body temperature and sleep patterns. People with Hartsfield syndrome have delayed development that ranges from mild to severe. The other hallmark feature of Hartsfield syndrome is ectrodactyly. Ectrodactyly is a deep split in the hands, feet, or both, with missing fingers or toes and partial fusion of the remaining digits. It can affect the hands and feet on one or both sides. Other features that have been described in people with Hartsfield syndrome include premature fusion of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), heart defects, abnormalities of the bones of the spine (vertebrae), and abnormal genitalia. Some affected individuals have distinctive facial features, including eyes that are widely spaced (hypertelorism) or closely spaced (hypotelorism), ears that are abnormally small or unusually shaped, and a split in the lip (cleft lip) with or without an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate).","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"during Pregnancy","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:2117","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0014196","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:2117","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Síndrome de hartsfield","Spanish_Description_Source__c":null,"Spanish_Description__c":null,"Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"síndrome de hartsfield","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"síndrome de holoprosencefalia-ectrodactilia-fisura labiopalatina","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93890","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Hartsfield syndrome is a rare condition characterized by holoprosencephaly, which is an abnormality of brain development, and a malformation of the hands and feet called ectrodactyly. During early development before birth, the brain normally divides into two halves, the right and left hemispheres. Holoprosencephaly occurs when the brain fails to divide properly. In the most severe forms of holoprosencephaly, the brain does not divide at all. These affected individuals have one central eye (cyclopia) and a tubular nasal structure (proboscis) located above the eye. Most babies with severe holoprosencephaly die before birth or soon after. In less severe cases of holoprosencephaly, the brain is partially divided. The life expectancy of these affected individuals depends on the severity of signs and symptoms. People with Hartsfield syndrome often have other brain abnormalities associated with holoprosencephaly. Affected individuals may have a malfunctioning pituitary, which is a gland located at the base of the brain that produces several hormones. Because pituitary dysfunction leads to the partial or complete absence of these hormones, it can cause a variety of disorders. These include diabetes insipidus, which disrupts the balance between fluid intake and urine excretion; a shortage (deficiency) of growth hormone, leading to slow or delayed growth; and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which affects the production of hormones that direct sexual development. Dysfunction in other parts of the brain can cause seizures, feeding difficulties, and problems regulating body temperature and sleep patterns. People with Hartsfield syndrome have delayed development that ranges from mild to severe. The other hallmark feature of Hartsfield syndrome is ectrodactyly. Ectrodactyly is a deep split in the hands, feet, or both, with missing fingers or toes and partial fusion of the remaining digits. It can affect the hands and feet on one or both sides. Other features that have been described in people with Hartsfield syndrome include premature fusion of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), heart defects, abnormalities of the bones of the spine (vertebrae), and abnormal genitalia. Some affected individuals have distinctive facial features, including eyes that are widely spaced (hypertelorism) or closely spaced (hypotelorism), ears that are abnormally small or unusually shaped, and a split in the lip (cleft lip) with or without an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate).","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:2117","GARD_Synonym__c":"hartsfield bixler demyer syndrome; hartsfield syndrome; holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip palate syndrome; holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip/palate syndrome; holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, and bilateral cleft lip/palate; holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, cleft lip, cleft palate syndrome; hrtfds","Name":"Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer syndrome","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"The Carter Centers for Brain Research in Holoprosencephaly and Related Malformations","Website__c":"https://www.hperesearch.org"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Orthopedics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Otolaryngology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Craniofacial Anomalies","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Craniofacial anomalies"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Antenatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0002725","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK349073","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK349073"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=335111","Source__c":"C1845146","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:335111"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C1845146","Source__c":"C1845146","Xref__c":"C1845146"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/2117","Source__c":"C1845146; MONDO:0014196; ORPHA:2117","Xref__c":"ORPHA:2117"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/615465","Source__c":"C1845146; MONDO:0014196; ORPHA:2117","Xref__c":"OMIM:615465"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=766032007","Source__c":"C1845146; MONDO:0014196","Xref__c":"766032007"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C564484","Source__c":"MONDO:0014196","Xref__c":"C564484"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hartsfield-syndrome","Source__c":"GARD:0002725","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hartsfield-syndrome"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0014196","Source__c":"GARD:0002725","Xref__c":"MONDO:0014196"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"FGFR1","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/fgfr1","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive","Autosomal dominant"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001511","HPO_Synonym__c":"Fetal growth restriction; FGR; In utero growth retardation; Intrauterine growth failure; Intrauterine growth restriction; Intrauterine growth retardation, IUGR; Intrauterine retardation; IUGR; Prenatal growth deficiency; Prenatal growth failure; Prenatal growth retardation; Prenatal onset growth retardation; Prenatal-onset growth retardation; Small for gestational age infant","HPO_Name__c":"Intrauterine growth retardation","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000358","HPO_Synonym__c":"Ear, posterior angulation, increased; Ears rotated toward back of head; Posteriorly angulated ears; Posteriorly rotated; Posteriorly rotated auricles; Posteriorly-angulated ears; Posteriorly-rotated ears","HPO_Name__c":"Posteriorly rotated ears","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The palpebral fissure inclination is more than two standard deviations below the mean.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000494","HPO_Synonym__c":"Antimongoloid eye slant; Antimongoloid slant of palpebral fissures; Antimongoloid slanted palpebral fissures; Down slanting palpebral fissures; Down-slanted palpebral fissures; Down-slanting palpebral fissure; Down-slanting palpebral fissures; Downslanting palpebral fissure; Downslanting palpebral fissures; Downward slanted palpebral fissures; Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids; Downward slanting palpebral fissures; Downward-slanting palpebral fissures; Palpebral fissures down-slanted","HPO_Name__c":"Downslanted palpebral fissures","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of holoprosencephaly in which most of the right and left cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles are separated but the most rostral aspect of the telencephalon, the frontal lobes, are fused, especially ventrally.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006870","HPO_Name__c":"Lobar holoprosencephaly","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A small/hypoplastic or absent/aplastic radius.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006501","HPO_Synonym__c":"Absence or underdevelopment of the radius bone of the arm; Absent/small radius; Absent/underdeveloped radius; Radial aplasia/hypoplasia","HPO_Name__c":"Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the radius","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000316","HPO_Synonym__c":"Excessive orbital separation; Increased distance between eye sockets; Increased distance between eyes; Increased interpupillary distance; Ocular hypertelorism; Wide-set eyes; Widely spaced eyes; Widened interpupillary distance","HPO_Name__c":"Hypertelorism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002093","HPO_Synonym__c":"Respiratory impairment","HPO_Name__c":"Respiratory insufficiency","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Absence or underdevelopment of the corpus callosum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0007370","HPO_Synonym__c":"Absent/hypoplastic corpus callosum; Agenesis/hypoplastic corpus callosum; Complete or partial absence of the corpus callosum; Hypoplasia or absence of the corpus callosum; Hypoplastic or absent corpus callosum","HPO_Name__c":"Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A condition in which middle parts of the hand (fingers and metacarpals) are missing giving a cleft appearance. The severity is very variable ranging from slightly hypoplastic middle fingers over absent middle fingers as far as oligo- or monodactyl hands.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001171","HPO_Synonym__c":"Ectrodactyly of the hand; Hand ectrodactyly; Split hand; Split-hand","HPO_Name__c":"Split hand","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005280","HPO_Synonym__c":"Depressed bridge of nose; Depressed nasal bridge; Depressed nasal root; Flat bridge of nose; Flat nasal bridge; Flat nasal root; Flat, nasal bridge; Flattened nasal bridge; Low nasal bridge; Low nasal root; Retruded bridge of nose; Retruded nasal bridge","HPO_Name__c":"Depressed nasal bridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000175","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cleft hard and soft palate; Cleft of hard and soft palate; Cleft of palate; Cleft palate; Cleft roof of mouth; Palatoschisis; Uranostaphyloschisis","HPO_Name__c":"Cleft palate","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Distance between the inner canthi more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, apparently increased distance between the inner canthi.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000506","HPO_Synonym__c":"Corners of eye widely separated; Dystopia canthorum; Increased distance between medial canthi; Increased intercanthal distance","HPO_Name__c":"Telecanthus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Clefting (gap or groove) of the upper lip affecting the lateral portions of the upper lip rather than the midline/median region.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100335","HPO_Synonym__c":"Non-midline cleft of the upper lip; Paramedian cleft of the upper lip","HPO_Name__c":"Non-midline cleft of the upper lip","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The upper eyelid margin is positioned 3 mm or more lower than usual and covers the superior portion of the iris (objective); or, the upper lid margin obscures at least part of the pupil (subjective).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000508","HPO_Synonym__c":"Blepharoptosis; Drooping upper eyelid; Eyelid ptosis; Palpebral ptosis","HPO_Name__c":"Ptosis","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001363","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cranial suture synostosis; Craniosyostosis; Early fusion of cranial sutures; Premature closure of cranial sutures; Premature suture closure","HPO_Name__c":"Craniosynostosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A neural tube defect characterized by sac-like protrusions of the brain and the membranes that cover it through openings in the skull.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002084","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bifid skull; Cranium bifidum","HPO_Name__c":"Encephalocele","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2117","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal smallness of one or both eyes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000568","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormally small eyeball; Abnormally small globe of eye; Microphthalmos","HPO_Name__c":"Microphthalmia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Orthopedics","Otolaryngology","Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Craniofacial Anomalies"]},"synonyms":["hartsfield bixler demyer syndrome"," hartsfield syndrome"," holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip palate syndrome"," holoprosencephaly-ectrodactyly-cleft lip/palate syndrome"," holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, and bilateral cleft lip/palate"," holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly, cleft lip, cleft palate syndrome"," hrtfds"]}