{"Name":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0003607","id":3607,"encodedName":"microcephaly-brain-defect-spasticity-hypernatremia-syndrome","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome","Xref_IDs__c":"C4749368; MEDGEN:1668792; MONDO:0016758; ORPHA:2523","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":4,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":0,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":0,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":5,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0016758","Disease_Description__c":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome is a rare congenital genetic syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as a major feature characterized by microcephaly, hypertonia, developmental delay and cognitive impairment, swallowing difficulty, hypernatremia, and hypoplasia of the frontal parts and fusion of the lateral ventricles on brain MRI. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986.","GARD_Name__c":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome","GARD_Synonym__c":"franek bocker kahlen syndrome; franek-bocker-kahlen syndrome; microcephalus, brain defect, spasticity, hypernatremia syndrome","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0016758","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome is a rare congenital genetic syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as a major feature characterized by microcephaly, hypertonia, developmental delay and cognitive impairment, swallowing difficulty, hypernatremia, and hypoplasia of the frontal parts and fusion of the lateral ventricles on brain MRI. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:2523","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0016758","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:2523","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Síndrome de microcefalia-hipoplasia cerebral-espasticidad-hipernatremia","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:2523","Spanish_Description__c":"Es un síndrome congénito, genético y poco frecuente, que consiste principalmente en una malformación del sistema nervioso central caracterizada por microcefalia, hipertonía, retraso del desarrollo y deterioro cognitivo, disfagia e hipernatremia, así como hipoplasia de las áreas frontales y fusión de los ventrículos laterales patentes en imágenes de RM. No ha habido casos adicionales descritos en la literatura desde 1986.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"síndrome de microcefalia-hipoplasia cerebral-espasticidad-hipernatremia","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"síndrome de frarek-bocker-kahlen","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93890","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome is a rare congenital genetic syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as a major feature characterized by microcephaly, hypertonia, developmental delay and cognitive impairment, swallowing difficulty, hypernatremia, and hypoplasia of the frontal parts and fusion of the lateral ventricles on brain MRI. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0016758","GARD_Synonym__c":"franek bocker kahlen syndrome; franek-bocker-kahlen syndrome; microcephalus, brain defect, spasticity, hypernatremia syndrome","Name":"Microcephaly-brain defect-spasticity-hypernatremia syndrome","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=1668792","Source__c":"C4749368","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:1668792"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/2523","Source__c":"C4749368; MONDO:0016758; ORPHA:2523","Xref__c":"ORPHA:2523"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C4749368","Source__c":"C4749368","Xref__c":"C4749368"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0016758","Source__c":"GARD:0003607","Xref__c":"MONDO:0016758"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=770655004","Source__c":"C4749368","Xref__c":"770655004"}],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001257","HPO_Synonym__c":"Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm; Muscle spasticity; Muscular spasticity","HPO_Name__c":"Spasticity","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Holoprosencephaly is a structural anomaly of the brain in which the developing forebrain fails to divide into two separate hemispheres and ventricles.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001360","HPO_Synonym__c":"Single brain ventricle","HPO_Name__c":"Holoprosencephaly","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001939","HPO_Synonym__c":"Laboratory abnormality; Metabolism abnormality","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000252","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormally small cranium; Abnormally small skull; Decreased circumference of cranium; Decreased size of cranium; Decreased size of skull; Reduced head circumference; small cranium; Small head circumference","HPO_Name__c":"Microcephaly","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Atrophy of the cortex of the cerebrum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002120","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cerebral cortex atrophy; Cortical atrophy; Decrease in size of the outer layer of the brain due to loss of brain cells","HPO_Name__c":"Cerebral cortical atrophy","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2523","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal cognition is characterized by deficits in thinking, reasoning, or remembering.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100543","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of cognition; Cognitive abnormality; Cognitive defects; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive impairment; Intellectual impairment","HPO_Name__c":"Cognitive impairment","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Pediatrics"]},"synonyms":["franek bocker kahlen syndrome"," franek-bocker-kahlen syndrome"," microcephalus, brain defect, spasticity, hypernatremia syndrome"]}