{"Name":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0003976","id":3976,"encodedName":"hereditary-sensory-and-autonomic-neuropathy-type-2","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2","Xref_IDs__c":"398148000; C0020072; DOID:0070161; MEDGEN:42513; MONDO:0019941; NBK49247; ORPHA:970","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":4,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":1,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":3,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019941","Disease_Description__c":"A rare hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy characterized by profound and universal sensory loss involving large and small fiber nerves.","GARD_Name__c":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive sensory radicular neuropathy; dominant hereditary sensory neuropathy, type ii; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type ii; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type ii; hereditary sensory neuropathy type 2; hsan2; hsn type ii; neurogenic acroosteolysis; painless whitlow disease","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019941","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type II (HSAN2) is a condition that primarily affects the sensory nerve cells (sensory neurons), which transmit information about sensations such as pain, temperature, and touch to the brain. These sensations are impaired in people with HSAN2. In some affected people, the condition may also cause mild abnormalities of the autonomic neurons, which control involuntary body functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. The sensory and autonomic neurons are part of the body's peripheral nervous system, which comprises the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. HSAN2 is considered a form of peripheral neuropathy. The signs and symptoms of HSAN2 typically begin in infancy or early childhood. The first sign of the condition is usually numbness in the hands and feet. Soon after, affected individuals lose the ability to feel pain or sense hot and cold. In people with HSAN2, unnoticed injuries often lead to open sores (ulcers) on the hands and feet. Because affected individuals cannot feel the pain of these sores, they may not seek treatment right away. Without treatment, the ulcers can become infected and may require amputation of the affected area. People with HSAN2 often injure themselves unintentionally, typically by biting the tongue, lips, or fingers. These injuries may lead to loss of the affected areas, such as the tip of the tongue. Affected individuals often have injuries and fractures in their hands, feet, limbs, and joints that go untreated because of the inability to feel pain. Repeated injury can lead to a condition called Charcot joints, in which the bones and tissue surrounding joints are damaged. The effects of HSAN2 on the autonomic nervous system are more variable. Some infants with HSAN2 have digestive problems such as the backflow of stomach acids into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux) or slow eye-blink or gag reflexes. Affected individuals may also have weak deep-tendon reflexes, such as the reflex being tested when a doctor taps the knee with a hammer. Some people with HSAN2 lose a type of taste bud on the tip of the tongue called lingual fungiform papillae and have a diminished sense of taste.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn and as an Infant","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:970","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Grouping","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0019941","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:970","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Neuropatía sensitiva autonómica hereditaria tipo 2","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:970","Spanish_Description__c":"Es una neuropatía hereditaria sensitiva y autonómica poco frecuente caracterizada por una pérdida sensitiva global profunda que afecta a fibras de grueso y pequeño calibre.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"neuropatía sensitiva autonómica hereditaria tipo 2","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"acroosteólisis neurogénica; hsan2; neuropatía radicular sensitiva autosómica recesiva; neuropatía sensitiva autonómica hereditaria tipo ii","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:98006","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type II (HSAN2) is a condition that primarily affects the sensory nerve cells (sensory neurons), which transmit information about sensations such as pain, temperature, and touch to the brain. These sensations are impaired in people with HSAN2. In some affected people, the condition may also cause mild abnormalities of the autonomic neurons, which control involuntary body functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. The sensory and autonomic neurons are part of the body's peripheral nervous system, which comprises the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. HSAN2 is considered a form of peripheral neuropathy. The signs and symptoms of HSAN2 typically begin in infancy or early childhood. The first sign of the condition is usually numbness in the hands and feet. Soon after, affected individuals lose the ability to feel pain or sense hot and cold. In people with HSAN2, unnoticed injuries often lead to open sores (ulcers) on the hands and feet. Because affected individuals cannot feel the pain of these sores, they may not seek treatment right away. Without treatment, the ulcers can become infected and may require amputation of the affected area. People with HSAN2 often injure themselves unintentionally, typically by biting the tongue, lips, or fingers. These injuries may lead to loss of the affected areas, such as the tip of the tongue. Affected individuals often have injuries and fractures in their hands, feet, limbs, and joints that go untreated because of the inability to feel pain. Repeated injury can lead to a condition called Charcot joints, in which the bones and tissue surrounding joints are damaged. The effects of HSAN2 on the autonomic nervous system are more variable. Some infants with HSAN2 have digestive problems such as the backflow of stomach acids into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux) or slow eye-blink or gag reflexes. Affected individuals may also have weak deep-tendon reflexes, such as the reflex being tested when a doctor taps the knee with a hammer. Some people with HSAN2 lose a type of taste bud on the tip of the tongue called lingual fungiform papillae and have a diminished sense of taste.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019941","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive sensory radicular neuropathy; dominant hereditary sensory neuropathy, type ii; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type ii; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type ii; hereditary sensory neuropathy type 2; hsan2; hsn type ii; neurogenic acroosteolysis; painless whitlow disease","Name":"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy","Website__c":"https://www.foundationforpn.org"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Peripheral Neuropathy","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Peripheral neuropathy"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neuromuscular medicine","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neuromuscular medicine"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Infancy","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C0270914"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0003976","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK49247","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK49247"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/970","Source__c":"C0020072; MONDO:0019941; ORPHA:970","Xref__c":"ORPHA:970"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=398148000","Source__c":"C0020072; MONDO:0019941","Xref__c":"398148000"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0070161","Source__c":"MONDO:0019941","Xref__c":"DOID:0070161"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-sensory-and-autonomic-neuropathy-type-ii","Source__c":"GARD:0003976","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-sensory-and-autonomic-neuropathy-type-ii"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019941","Source__c":"GARD:0003976","Xref__c":"MONDO:0019941"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0020072","Source__c":"C0020072","Xref__c":"C0020072"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=42513","Source__c":"C0020072","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:42513"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"WNK1","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/wnk1","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"KIF1A","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"RETREG1","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/retreg1","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"SCN9A","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/scn9a","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Toenail changes apart from changes of the color of the toenail (nail dyschromia) that involve partial or complete disruption of the various keratinous layers of the nail plate.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001810","HPO_Synonym__c":"Dystrophic toenail changes; Poor toenail formation","HPO_Name__c":"Dystrophic toenail","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of misshapen or partially destroyed nail plates, often with accumulation of soft, yellow keratin between the dystrophic nail plate and nail bed, resulting in elevation of the nail plate.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008391","HPO_Synonym__c":"Poor fingernail formation","HPO_Name__c":"Dystrophic fingernails","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly of the joint that connects the foot with the leg.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003028","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the ankles","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the ankle","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormally increased curvature (anterior concavity) of the lumbar or cervical spine.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003307","HPO_Synonym__c":"Lordosis; Prominent swayback","HPO_Name__c":"Hyperlordosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly of epiphysis, which is the expanded articular end of a long bone that developes from a secondary ossification center, and which during the period of growth is either entirely cartilaginous or is separated from the shaft by a cartilaginous disk.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005930","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal shape of end part of bone; Abnormality of epiphysis morphology; Abnormality of the epiphyses; Anomaly of the epiphyses; Epiphyseal abnormality","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal epiphysis morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal excessive perspiration (sweating) despite the lack of appropriate stimuli like hot and humid weather.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000975","HPO_Synonym__c":"Diaphoresis; Excessive sweating; Increased sweating; Profuse sweating; Sweating; Sweating profusely; Sweating, increased","HPO_Name__c":"Hyperhidrosis","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003202","HPO_Synonym__c":"Amyotrophy; Amyotrophy involving the extremities; Muscle atrophy; Muscle atrophy, neurogenic; Muscle degeneration; Muscle hypotrophy; Muscle wasting; Muscular atrophy; Neurogenic muscle atrophy; Neurogenic muscle atrophy, especially in the lower limbs; Neurogenic muscular atrophy","HPO_Name__c":"Skeletal muscle atrophy","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A reduction of bone mineral density, that is, of the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004349","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased bone mineral density; Decreased bone mineral density Z score; Low solidness and mass of the bones","HPO_Name__c":"Reduced bone mineral density","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Osteolysis refers to the destruction of bone through bone resorption with removal or loss of calcium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002797","HPO_Synonym__c":"Breakdown of bone; Increased bone resorption; Osteolytic defects of bones","HPO_Name__c":"Osteolysis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of compact bone (also known as cortical bone), which forms the dense surface of bones.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003103","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal compact bone morphology; Abnormality of cortical bone","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal cortical bone morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the knee joint or surrounding structures.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002815","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the knee","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the knee","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The gradual reduction in girth of the finger from proximal to distal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001182","HPO_Synonym__c":"Distally tapering fingers; Tapered finger; Tapered fingertips; Tapering fingers","HPO_Name__c":"Tapered finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of extra bones within a cranial suture. Wormian bones are irregular isolated bones which appear in addition to the usual centers of ossification of the cranium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002645","HPO_Synonym__c":"Extra bones within cranial sutures; Intra sutural bones; Intrasutural bones; Islands of bone within cranial sutures","HPO_Name__c":"Wormian bones","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the hip bone.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003272","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the hip bone; Abnormality of the hips","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal hip bone morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:970","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001842","HPO_Synonym__c":"Acroosteolysis of feet","HPO_Name__c":"Foot acroosteolysis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Neuromuscular medicine","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Peripheral Neuropathy"]},"synonyms":["autosomal recessive sensory radicular neuropathy"," dominant hereditary sensory neuropathy, type ii"," hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type ii"," hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type ii"," hereditary sensory neuropathy type 2"," hsan2"," hsn type ii"," neurogenic acroosteolysis"," painless whitlow disease"]}