{"Name":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0004142","id":4142,"encodedName":"osteoglophonic-dysplasia","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia","Xref_IDs__c":"254144002; C0432283; C536050; DOID:0111532; MEDGEN:96592; MONDO:0008150; NBK602944; OMIM:166250; ORPHA:2645","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":3,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":1,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":3,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":5,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0008150","Disease_Description__c":"A rare disorder characterized by dwarfism, severe craniofacial abnormalities and multiple unerupted teeth.","GARD_Name__c":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia","GARD_Synonym__c":"fgfr1-related osteoglophonic dysplasia; ogd; osteoglophonic dwarfism; osteoglosphonic dysplasia","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":null,"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth that leads to severe head and face (craniofacial) abnormalities, short stature, and other features. The term osteoglophonic refers to the bones (osteo-) having distinctive hollowed-out (-glophonic) areas that appear as lesions or holes on x-ray images. These lesions typically affect the long bones of the arms and legs. In people with osteoglophonic dysplasia, bones in the skull often fuse together too early (craniosynostosis). The craniosynostosis seen in people with this disorder may give the head a flat appearance or a 'cloverleaf' shape, depending on which bones fuse first. Characteristic facial features in people with osteoglophonic dysplasia include a prominent forehead, widely spaced eyes (hypertelorism) that are prominent (proptosis), low-set ears, a flattening of the bridge of the nose and  the middle of the face (midface hypoplasia), a protruding jaw (prognathism), a high arch in the roof of the mouth (a high-arched palate), and a short neck. People with this condition usually have no visible teeth because the teeth never emerge from the jaw (clinical anodontia). In addition, the gums are often overgrown (hypertrophic gingiva). Most people with osteoglophonic dysplasia have hollowed lesions in the long bones. These lesions are likely non-ossifying fibromas, which are benign (noncancerous) bone tumors made up of fibrous tissue that does not harden into bone. The lesions appear early in life and gradually increase in size and number during childhood. Later in life, the lesions may get smaller or go away once the bones have stopped growing. Individuals with osteoglophonic dysplasia can also have short, bowed legs and arms. They also have flat feet; overlapping toes; and short, broad hands and fingers. Infants with osteoglophonic dysplasia often experience failure to thrive, which means they do not gain weight and grow at the expected rate. Affected individuals can experience episodes of increased body temperature and excessive sweating. Some people with osteoglophonic dysplasia develop pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach into the small intestines. Others can develop inguinal hernia, in which the contents of the abdomen causes a soft out-pouching through the lower abdominal wall. The life expectancy of people with osteoglophonic dysplasia depends on the extent of the craniofacial abnormalities. People with abnormalities that obstruct the air passages and affect the mouth and teeth may have respiratory problems and difficulty eating and drinking. Despite the skull abnormalities, intelligence is generally not affected in people with this disorder, but speech delays can occur.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:2645","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0008150","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:2645","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Displasia osteoglofónica","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:2645","Spanish_Description__c":"Es un trastorno poco frecuente caracterizado por talla baja extrema, anomalías craneofaciales graves y múltiples dientes impactados.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"displasia osteoglofónica","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"enanismo osteoglofónico","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93419","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth that leads to severe head and face (craniofacial) abnormalities, short stature, and other features. The term osteoglophonic refers to the bones (osteo-) having distinctive hollowed-out (-glophonic) areas that appear as lesions or holes on x-ray images. These lesions typically affect the long bones of the arms and legs. In people with osteoglophonic dysplasia, bones in the skull often fuse together too early (craniosynostosis). The craniosynostosis seen in people with this disorder may give the head a flat appearance or a 'cloverleaf' shape, depending on which bones fuse first. Characteristic facial features in people with osteoglophonic dysplasia include a prominent forehead, widely spaced eyes (hypertelorism) that are prominent (proptosis), low-set ears, a flattening of the bridge of the nose and  the middle of the face (midface hypoplasia), a protruding jaw (prognathism), a high arch in the roof of the mouth (a high-arched palate), and a short neck. People with this condition usually have no visible teeth because the teeth never emerge from the jaw (clinical anodontia). In addition, the gums are often overgrown (hypertrophic gingiva). Most people with osteoglophonic dysplasia have hollowed lesions in the long bones. These lesions are likely non-ossifying fibromas, which are benign (noncancerous) bone tumors made up of fibrous tissue that does not harden into bone. The lesions appear early in life and gradually increase in size and number during childhood. Later in life, the lesions may get smaller or go away once the bones have stopped growing. Individuals with osteoglophonic dysplasia can also have short, bowed legs and arms. They also have flat feet; overlapping toes; and short, broad hands and fingers. Infants with osteoglophonic dysplasia often experience failure to thrive, which means they do not gain weight and grow at the expected rate. Affected individuals can experience episodes of increased body temperature and excessive sweating. Some people with osteoglophonic dysplasia develop pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach into the small intestines. Others can develop inguinal hernia, in which the contents of the abdomen causes a soft out-pouching through the lower abdominal wall. The life expectancy of people with osteoglophonic dysplasia depends on the extent of the craniofacial abnormalities. People with abnormalities that obstruct the air passages and affect the mouth and teeth may have respiratory problems and difficulty eating and drinking. Despite the skull abnormalities, intelligence is generally not affected in people with this disorder, but speech delays can occur.","GARD_Synonym__c":"fgfr1-related osteoglophonic dysplasia; ogd; osteoglophonic dwarfism; osteoglosphonic dysplasia","Name":"Osteoglophonic dysplasia","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Children's Craniofacial Association","Website__c":"https://ccakids.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"European Reference Network on Bone Disorders","Website__c":"https://ernbond.eu/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Orthopedics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Craniofacial Anomalies","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Craniofacial anomalies"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C0432283"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0004142","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0111532","Source__c":"MONDO:0008150","Xref__c":"DOID:0111532"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/166250","Source__c":"C0432283; MONDO:0008150; ORPHA:2645","Xref__c":"OMIM:166250"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=96592","Source__c":"C0432283","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:96592"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0432283","Source__c":"C0432283","Xref__c":"C0432283"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=254144002","Source__c":"C0432283; MONDO:0008150","Xref__c":"254144002"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C536050","Source__c":"MONDO:0008150","Xref__c":"C536050"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/2645","Source__c":"C0432283; MONDO:0008150; ORPHA:2645","Xref__c":"ORPHA:2645"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008150","Source__c":"GARD:0004142","Xref__c":"MONDO:0008150"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteoglophonic-dysplasia","Source__c":"GARD:0004142","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteoglophonic-dysplasia"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK602944","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK602944"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"FGFR1","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/fgfr1","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal dominant"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000028","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cryptorchism; Undescended testes; Undescended testis","HPO_Name__c":"Cryptorchidism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000347","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased size of lower jaw; Decreased size of mandible; Hypoplasia of lower jaw; Hypoplasia of mandible; Hypoplastic mandible; Hypoplastic mandible condyle; Hypotrophic lower jaw; Hypotrophic mandible; Little lower jaw; Little mandible; Lower jaw deficiency; Lower jaw hypoplasia; Mandibular deficiency; Mandibular hypoplasia; Mandibular micrognathia; Micrognathia of lower jaw; Micromandible; Robin mandible; Severe hypoplasia of mandible; Small jaw; Small lower jaw; Small mandible; Underdevelopment of lower jaw; Underdevelopment of mandible","HPO_Name__c":"Micrognathia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any anomaly in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011849","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal bone ossification","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001156","HPO_Synonym__c":"Brachydactyly syndrome; Short fingers or toes","HPO_Name__c":"Brachydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002650","HPO_Name__c":"Scoliosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000463","HPO_Synonym__c":"Anteverted nose; Anteverted nostrils; Nasal tip, upturned; Nostrils anteverted; Upturned nares; Upturned nasal tip; Upturned nose; Upturned nostrils","HPO_Name__c":"Anteverted nares","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A severe degree of short stature, more than -4 SD from the mean corrected for age and sex.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003510","HPO_Synonym__c":"Dwarfism; Proportionate dwarfism; Severe short stature; Short stature, extreme; Short stature, severe","HPO_Name__c":"Severe short stature","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001249","HPO_Synonym__c":"Intellectual disability; Mental deficiency; Mental retardation; Mental retardation, nonspecific; Mental-retardation; Nonprogressive intellectual disability; Nonprogressive mental retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Intellectual disability","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any abnormality of the clavicles (collar bones).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000889","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal clavicles; Abnormal collarbone; Abnormality of the clavicle","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal clavicle morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal morphology of vertebral body.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003312","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal vertebral bodies; Abnormally shaped vertebrae","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002750","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delayed bone age; Delayed bone age before puberty; Delayed bone maturation; Delayed skeletal development; Retarded bone age; Skeletal maturation retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Delayed skeletal maturation","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001363","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cranial suture synostosis; Craniosyostosis; Early fusion of cranial sutures; Premature closure of cranial sutures; Premature suture closure","HPO_Name__c":"Craniosynostosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008905","HPO_Synonym__c":"Disproportionately short upper portion of limb; Rhizomelic dwarfism; Rhizomelic limb shortening; Rhizomelic short limbs; Rhizomelic short stature; Rhizomelic shortening; Short stature, rhizomelic; Symmetrical rhizomelic limb shortening","HPO_Name__c":"Rhizomelia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000023","HPO_Name__c":"Inguinal hernia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of multiple embedded tooth germs which have failed to erupt.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006283","HPO_Synonym__c":"Failure of eruption of multiple teeth; Multiple non-erupting teeth; Multiple unerupted teeth","HPO_Name__c":"Multiple unerupted teeth","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The absence of one or more teeth from the normal series by a failure to develop","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0009804","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased tooth count; Dental agenesis; Failure of development of some teeth; Reduced number of teeth; Teeth, agenesis","HPO_Name__c":"Tooth agenesis","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000316","HPO_Synonym__c":"Excessive orbital separation; Increased distance between eye sockets; Increased distance between eyes; Increased interpupillary distance; Ocular hypertelorism; Wide-set eyes; Widely spaced eyes; Widened interpupillary distance","HPO_Name__c":"Hypertelorism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Angle formed by the plane of the ear and the mastoid bone greater than the 97th centile for age (objective); or, outer edge of the helix more than 2 cm from the mastoid at the point of maximum distance (objective).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000411","HPO_Synonym__c":"Prominent ear; Prominent ears","HPO_Name__c":"Protruding ear","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Absence or abnormal closure of the choana (the posterior nasal aperture). Most embryologists believe that posterior choanal atresia results from a failure of rupture between the 35th and 38th day of fetal life of the partition which separates the bucconasal or buccopharyngeal membranes. The resultant choanal atresia may be unilateral or bilateral, bony or membranous, complete or incomplete. In over 90 per cent of cases the obstruction is bony, while in the remainder it is membranous. The bony type of atresia is commonly located 1-2 mm. anterior to the posterior edge of the hard palate, and the osseous septum varies in thickness from 1 to 10 mm. In the membranous form of choanal atresia the obstruction usually occurs further posteriorly. In approximately one third of cases the atresia is bilateral.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000453","HPO_Synonym__c":"Blockage of the rear opening of the nasal cavity","HPO_Name__c":"Choanal atresia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:2645","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001531","HPO_Synonym__c":"Failure to thrive in first year of life; Faltering weight in infancy; Weight faltering in infancy","HPO_Name__c":"Failure to thrive in infancy","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Orthopedics","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Craniofacial Anomalies"]},"synonyms":["fgfr1-related osteoglophonic dysplasia"," ogd"," osteoglophonic dwarfism"," osteoglosphonic dysplasia"]}