{"Name":"Shigellosis","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0004818","id":4818,"encodedName":"shigellosis","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Shigellosis","Xref_IDs__c":"36188001; A03; C0013371; C157978; D004405; DOID:12385; MEDGEN:8513; MONDO:0019345; ORPHA:810","USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":2,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"80,000 to 800,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":5,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019345","Disease_Description__c":"Shigellosis is a bacterial infection leading to dysentery and is caused by <i>Shigella</i>, which are small, ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the enterobacteria family. There are four species: <i>S. dysenteriae</i>, <i>S. flexneri</i>, <i>S. boydii</i> and <i>S. sonnei</i>, all of which cause bacillary dysentery and are strictly limited to human hosts.","GARD_Name__c":"Shigellosis","GARD_Synonym__c":"bacillary dysentery; flexner's dysentery; infection by shigella; infection caused by shigella; japanese dysentery; shigella dysentery; shigella gastroenteritis","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004818","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Shigellosis is a disease caused by a group of bacteria called Shigella. Shigella is very contagious. Shigella germs are present in the stools of infected individuals for up to two weeks after symptoms have resolved. Individuals may be exposed through direct contact with an infected person or through contaminated food, water (both drinking and recreational water), or surfaces. Though anyone can get Shigellosis, young children are most at risk. Symptoms of Shigellosis usually begin one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. In otherwise healthy individuals, the symptoms usually resolve in 5-7 days. Most people make a full recovery, though it may take several months for bowel habits to return to normal. Complications are rare but may include post-infectious arthritis, bloodstream infections, seizures, or hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"at any time in life","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:810","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0019345","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:810","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Shigelosis","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:810","Spanish_Description__c":"La shigelosis es una infección bacteriana que provoca disentería y que está causada por <i>Shigella</i>, una pequeña bacteria ubicua Gram-negativa, perteneciente a la familia de las enterobacterias. Hay cuatro especies: <i>S. dysenteriae</i>, <i>S. flexneri</i>, <i>S. boydii</i> y <i>S. sonnei</i>, todas causantes de disentería bacilar y limitadas de forma estricta al huésped humano.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"shigelosis","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":null,"Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:68416","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Shigellosis is a disease caused by a group of bacteria called Shigella. Shigella is very contagious. Shigella germs are present in the stools of infected individuals for up to two weeks after symptoms have resolved. Individuals may be exposed through direct contact with an infected person or through contaminated food, water (both drinking and recreational water), or surfaces. Though anyone can get Shigellosis, young children are most at risk. Symptoms of Shigellosis usually begin one to two days after exposure and include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. In otherwise healthy individuals, the symptoms usually resolve in 5-7 days. Most people make a full recovery, though it may take several months for bowel habits to return to normal. Complications are rare but may include post-infectious arthritis, bloodstream infections, seizures, or hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS).","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004818","GARD_Synonym__c":"bacillary dysentery; flexner's dysentery; infection by shigella; infection caused by shigella; japanese dysentery; shigella dysentery; shigella gastroenteritis","Name":"Shigellosis","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","estimateUsa":"50,000"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Infectious Disease","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites entering the body, multiplying, and spreading illness.","curated_tag_name":"Infectious diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Rare Bacterial Infectious Disease","Tag_Category__c":"Cause","curated_tag_name":"Bacterial Infectious Disease"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"All ages","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/810","Source__c":"C0013371; MONDO:0019345; ORPHA:810","Xref__c":"ORPHA:810"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=8513","Source__c":"C0013371","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:8513"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0013371","Source__c":"C0013371","Xref__c":"C0013371"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A12385","Source__c":"MONDO:0019345","Xref__c":"DOID:12385"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=36188001","Source__c":"C0013371; MONDO:0019345","Xref__c":"36188001"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/A03","Source__c":"MONDO:0019345","Xref__c":"A03"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C157978","Source__c":"C0013371; MONDO:0019345","Xref__c":"C157978"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C004405","Source__c":"MONDO:0019345","Xref__c":"D004405"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=111817006","Source__c":"C0013371","Xref__c":"111817006"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019345","Source__c":"GARD:0004818","Xref__c":"MONDO:0019345"},{"URL__c":"https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/shigellosis"}],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A hole (perforation) in the wall of the intestine.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0031368","HPO_Name__c":"Intestinal perforation","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100806","HPO_Synonym__c":"Infection in blood stream","HPO_Name__c":"Sepsis","Feature_System__c":"Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Raised, well-circumscribed areas of erythema and edema involving the dermis and epidermis. Urticaria is intensely pruritic, and blanches completely with pressure.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001025","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hives","HPO_Name__c":"Urticaria","Feature_System__c":"Skin System; Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Inflammation of any part of the lung parenchyma.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002090","HPO_Synonym__c":"Pneumonia","HPO_Name__c":"Pneumonia","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system; Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Forceful ejection of the contents of the stomach through the mouth by means of a series of involuntary spasmic contractions.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002013","HPO_Synonym__c":"Emesis; Throwing up; Vomiting","HPO_Name__c":"Vomiting","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A febrile seizure is any type of seizure (most often a generalized tonic-clonic seizure) occurring with fever (at least 38 degrees Celsius) but in the absence of central nervous system infection, severe metabolic disturbance or other alternative precipitant in children between the ages of 3 months and 6 years.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002373","HPO_Synonym__c":"Febrile convulsion; Febrile seizures; Fever induced seizures; Seizures, febrile, in early childhood; Seizures, generalized, associated with fever","HPO_Name__c":"Febrile seizure (within the age range of 3 months to 6 years)","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A state characterized by a feeling of weakness and loss of strength leading to a generalized weakness of the body.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0025406","HPO_Synonym__c":"Lack of energy and strength; Weakness","HPO_Name__c":"Asthenia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012378","HPO_Synonym__c":"Fatigue; Tired; Tiredness","HPO_Name__c":"Fatigue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A repeated, painful urge to defecate without excreting stool.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012702","HPO_Name__c":"Tenesmus","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Presence of viable bacteria in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0031864","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bacteria in blood culture; Bacteria in blood cultures","HPO_Name__c":"Bacteremia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Disruption of the epithelial layer of the cornea with involvement of the underlying stroma.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012804","HPO_Synonym__c":"Corneal ulcer; Corneal ulcerations","HPO_Name__c":"Corneal ulceration","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of abdominal pain characterized by a feeling of contractions and typically fluctuating in intensity.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0032155","HPO_Name__c":"Abdominal cramps","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Failure of the immune system to protect the body adequately from infection, due to the absence or insufficiency of some component process or substance.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002721","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased immune function; Immune deficiency","HPO_Name__c":"Immunodeficiency","Feature_System__c":"Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores, in the colon. The main symptom of active disease is usually constant diarrhea mixed with blood, of gradual onset and intermittent periods of exacerbated symptoms contrasting with periods that are relatively symptom-free. In contrast to Crohn's disease this special form of colitis begins in the distal parts of the rectum, spreads continually upwards and affects only mucose and submucose tissue of the colon.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100279","HPO_Synonym__c":"Colitis ulcerosa","HPO_Name__c":"Ulcerative colitis","Feature_System__c":"Immune System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Purpura (from Latin: purpura, meaning purple) is the appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. They are caused by bleeding underneath the skin. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to developing purpura. Purpura are larger than petechiae.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000979","HPO_Synonym__c":"Red or purple spots on the skin","HPO_Name__c":"Purpura","Feature_System__c":"Skin System; Cardiovascular System; Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Inflammation of the conjunctiva.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000509","HPO_Synonym__c":"Pink eye","HPO_Name__c":"Conjunctivitis","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System; Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A thrombotic microangiopathy with presence of non-immune, intravascular hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury. A vicious cycle of complement activation, endothelial cell damage, platelet activation, and thrombosis is the hallmark of the disease.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005575","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome","HPO_Name__c":"Hemolytic-uremic syndrome","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001937","HPO_Name__c":"Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia","Feature_System__c":"Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Inflammation of the peritoneum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002586","HPO_Synonym__c":"Inflammation of the peritoneum","HPO_Name__c":"Peritonitis","Feature_System__c":"Immune System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Inflammation of the urethra.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0500006","HPO_Name__c":"Urethritis","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Inflammation of the myocardium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012819","HPO_Synonym__c":"Inflammation of heart muscle","HPO_Name__c":"Myocarditis","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Lack of desire to eat (loss of appetite).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002039","HPO_Synonym__c":"Anorexia; Deliberately not eating; Obsessive dieting; Refusing to eat","HPO_Name__c":"Anorexia","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Body temperature elevated above the normal range.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001945","HPO_Synonym__c":"Fever; Hyperthermia; Pyrexia","HPO_Name__c":"Fever","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormality of the homeostasis (concentration) of a monoatomic ion.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003111","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of ion homeostasis; Electrolyte disorders; Electrolyte disturbance","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal blood ion concentration","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormally decreased sodium concentration in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002902","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low blood sodium levels","HPO_Name__c":"Hyponatremia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001873","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low platelet count","HPO_Name__c":"Thrombocytopenia","Feature_System__c":"Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abscess is a localized collection of purulent material surrounded by inflammation and granulation.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0025615","HPO_Name__c":"Abscess","Feature_System__c":"Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A state of shock characterized by decreased circulating blood volume in relation to total vascular capacity. This type of shock is characterized by a reduction of diastolic filling pressures.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0031274","HPO_Name__c":"Hypovolemic shock","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001399","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hepatic insufficiency; Liver failure","HPO_Name__c":"Hepatic failure","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002590","HPO_Name__c":"Paralytic ileus","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001974","HPO_Synonym__c":"Elevated white blood count; 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The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0009830","HPO_Synonym__c":"Peripheral nerve damage; Peripheral neuritis","HPO_Name__c":"Peripheral neuropathy","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased concentration of glucose in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001943","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypoglycaemia; Low blood sugar","HPO_Name__c":"Hypoglycemia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:810","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Passage of many stools containing blood and mucus.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0025086","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bloody mucoid diarrhea","HPO_Name__c":"Bloody mucoid diarrhea","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Disease Category":["Infectious Disease"],"Specialist":["Infectious Disease","Pediatrics"],"Cause":["Rare Bacterial Infectious Disease"]},"synonyms":["bacillary dysentery"," flexner's dysentery"," infection by shigella"," infection caused by shigella"," japanese dysentery"," shigella dysentery"," shigella gastroenteritis"]}