{"Name":"Russell-Silver syndrome","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0004870","id":4870,"encodedName":"russell-silver-syndrome","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Russell-Silver syndrome","Xref_IDs__c":"15069006; C0175693; C85068; D056730; DOID:14681; MEDGEN:104492; MONDO:0008394; NBK1324; OMIMPS:180860; ORPHA:813","USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":7,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":1,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"8,000 to 80,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":3,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":4,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":7,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0008394","Disease_Description__c":"Silver-Russell syndrome is characterized by growth retardation with antenatal onset, characteristic facies and limb asymmetry.","GARD_Name__c":"Russell-Silver syndrome","GARD_Synonym__c":"russell silver syndrome; russell-silver dwarfism; russell's syndrome; silver russell dwarfism; silver russell syndrome; silver syndrome; silver-russell dwarfism; silver-russell syndrome; srs","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004870","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Silver-Russell syndrome is a rare disorder that is characterized by slow growth before and after birth. Babies with this condition typically have a low birth weight and often do not grow and gain weight at the expected rate (failure to thrive). Head growth is normal, however, so the head may appear large compared to the rest of the body. In some affected individuals, one side of the body may be bigger than the other. Affected children often have difficulty feeding. Some children develop recurrent episodes of low blood glucose (hypoglycemia). Gastrointestinal problems, such as vomiting and a backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus (called gastroesophageal reflux or GERD), are also common. Adults with Silver-Russell syndrome are typically shorter than average and may have an increased risk of developing metabolic problems such as type 2 diabetes (the most common form of diabetes). Affected individuals often have asymmetric or uneven growth of certain parts of the body, such as the arms and legs. Additional skeletal features may include an unusual curving of the fifth finger (clinodactyly), short fingers (brachydactyly), and abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis).  Many people with Silver-Russell syndrome have a small, triangular face with distinctive features, including a prominent forehead, a narrow chin, a small jaw, and downturned corners of the mouth.  Other features can include the delayed development of motor skills, speech and language problems, and learning disabilities.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"during Pregnancy and as a Newborn","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:813","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Grouping","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0008394","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:813","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Síndrome de silver-russell","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:813","Spanish_Description__c":"Es un síndrome caracterizado por retraso del crecimiento de inicio prenatal, facies característica y asimetría de las extremidades.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"síndrome de silver-russell","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"enanismo de silver-russell","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93890","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Silver-Russell syndrome is a rare disorder that is characterized by slow growth before and after birth. Babies with this condition typically have a low birth weight and often do not grow and gain weight at the expected rate (failure to thrive). Head growth is normal, however, so the head may appear large compared to the rest of the body. In some affected individuals, one side of the body may be bigger than the other. Affected children often have difficulty feeding. Some children develop recurrent episodes of low blood glucose (hypoglycemia). Gastrointestinal problems, such as vomiting and a backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus (called gastroesophageal reflux or GERD), are also common. Adults with Silver-Russell syndrome are typically shorter than average and may have an increased risk of developing metabolic problems such as type 2 diabetes (the most common form of diabetes). Affected individuals often have asymmetric or uneven growth of certain parts of the body, such as the arms and legs. Additional skeletal features may include an unusual curving of the fifth finger (clinodactyly), short fingers (brachydactyly), and abnormal curvature of the spine (scoliosis).  Many people with Silver-Russell syndrome have a small, triangular face with distinctive features, including a prominent forehead, a narrow chin, a small jaw, and downturned corners of the mouth.  Other features can include the delayed development of motor skills, speech and language problems, and learning disabilities.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004870","GARD_Synonym__c":"russell silver syndrome; russell-silver dwarfism; russell's syndrome; silver russell dwarfism; silver russell syndrome; silver syndrome; silver-russell dwarfism; silver-russell syndrome; srs","Name":"Russell-Silver syndrome","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","estimateUsa":"5,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Alianza Iberoamericana de Enfermedades Raras o Poco Frecuentes","Website__c":"https://aliber.org/web/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Mexicana de Enfermedades Raras (FEMEXER)","Website__c":"http://www.femexer.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras","Website__c":"https://enfermedades-raras.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Colombiana de Enfermedades Raras","Website__c":"http://www.fecoer.org"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Argentina de Enfermedades Poco Frecuentes","Website__c":"https://fadepof.org.ar/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Asociación Todos Unidos Enfermedades Raras Uruguay","Website__c":"https://atueru.org.uy/"},{"Account_Name__c":"The MAGIC Foundation","Website__c":"https://www.magicfoundation.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Little People of America","Website__c":"https://www.lpaonline.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Human Growth Foundation","Website__c":"https://www.hgfound.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Child Growth Foundation","Website__c":"https://childgrowthfoundation.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Potentials Foundation","Website__c":"http://www.potentialsfoundation.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Cancer - Oncologist","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Ophthalmology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Orthopedics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Antenatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C0175693"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1324","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK1324"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C056730","Source__c":"C0175693; MONDO:0008394","Xref__c":"D056730"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C85068","Source__c":"C0175693; MONDO:0008394","Xref__c":"C85068"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/phenotypicSeries/PS180860","Source__c":"MONDO:0008394","Xref__c":"OMIMPS:180860"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=104492","Source__c":"C0175693","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:104492"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=15069006","Source__c":"C0175693; MONDO:0008394","Xref__c":"15069006"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0175693","Source__c":"C0175693","Xref__c":"C0175693"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A14681","Source__c":"MONDO:0008394","Xref__c":"DOID:14681"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/813","Source__c":"C0175693; MONDO:0008394; ORPHA:813","Xref__c":"ORPHA:813"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008394","Source__c":"GARD:0004870","Xref__c":"MONDO:0008394"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/silver-russell-syndrome","Source__c":"GARD:0004870","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/silver-russell-syndrome"}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal dominant"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002650","HPO_Name__c":"Scoliosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Recurrent episodes of decreased concentration of glucose in the blood.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001988","HPO_Synonym__c":"hypoglycaemia, recurrent; hypoglycemia, recurrent; Hypoglycemic episodes; Recurrent hypoglycaemia; Recurrent hypoglycemic episodes; Recurrent low blood sugar levels","HPO_Name__c":"Recurrent hypoglycemia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A morphological abnormality of the mouth in which the angle of the mouth is downturned. The oral commissures are positioned inferior to the midline labial fissure.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002714","HPO_Synonym__c":"Downturned corners of mouth; Downturned corners of the mouth; Downturned mouth; Downturned oral commisures","HPO_Name__c":"Downturned corners of mouth","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal pattern in the quality, quantity, or characteristics of sleep.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002360","HPO_Synonym__c":"Difficulty sleeping; Sleep abnormality; Sleep disturbances; Sleep dysfunction; Sleep-wake disturbance; Trouble sleeping","HPO_Name__c":"Sleep disturbance","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A growth pattern that displays an abnormal difference between the left and the right side.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100555","HPO_Synonym__c":"Uneven or disproportionate growth of one body part compared to another","HPO_Name__c":"Asymmetric growth","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004209","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bilateral fifth digit clinodactyly; Bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly; Clinodactyly of fifth digit; Clinodactyly of the little finger; Fifth finger clinodactyly; Permanent curving of the pinkie finger","HPO_Name__c":"Clinodactyly of the 5th finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduced volume of the testicle (the male gonad).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008734","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased testicular size; Decreased testicular volume; Hypoplastic testes; Reduced testicular volume; Small testes; Small testis; Testicular hypoplasia","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased testicular size","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Slow or limited growth after birth.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008897","HPO_Synonym__c":"Growth delay as children; Growth retardation as children; Postnatal growth deceleration; Postnatal growth deficiency; Postnatal growth failure","HPO_Name__c":"Postnatal growth retardation","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A condition in which the stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002020","HPO_Synonym__c":"Acid reflux; Acid reflux disease; Gastro-esophageal reflux; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; GERD; GORD; Heartburn","HPO_Name__c":"Gastroesophageal reflux","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011220","HPO_Synonym__c":"Prominence of frontal region; Prominent forehead; Pronounced forehead; Protruding forehead","HPO_Name__c":"Prominent forehead","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000028","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cryptorchism; Undescended testes; Undescended testis","HPO_Name__c":"Cryptorchidism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Infants normally have two fontanels at birth, the diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures, and the posterior fontanelle at the intersection of the occipital and parietal bones. The posterior fontanelle usually closes by the 8th week of life, and the anterior fontanel closes by the 18th month of life on average. This term applies if there is delay of closure of the fontanelles beyond the normal age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000270","HPO_Synonym__c":"Broad late closing cranial sutures; Delayed closure of fontanel; Delayed closure of fontanelles; Delayed closure of fontanels; Delayed closure of the fontanelles; Delayed cranial suture closure; Delayed fontanel closure; Delayed fontanelle closure; Late closing fontanelles; Late closure of fontanelle; Late-closing fontanelle; Open sutures","HPO_Name__c":"Delayed cranial suture closure","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011968","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased oral intake; Feeding difficulties; Feeding problems; Poor feeding","HPO_Name__c":"Feeding difficulties","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Changes in alignment of teeth in the dental arch","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000678","HPO_Synonym__c":"Crowded teeth; Dental crowding; Dental overcrowding; Overcrowding of teeth","HPO_Name__c":"Dental crowding","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A subtype of skin dimples occurring in the shoulder region.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010782","HPO_Synonym__c":"Acromial dimple; Bi-acromial dimples; Shoulder dimples","HPO_Name__c":"Shoulder dimple","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Accumulation of substantial excess body fat.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001513","HPO_Synonym__c":"Having too much body fat; Obesity","HPO_Name__c":"Obesity","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The onset of secondary sexual characteristics before a normal age. Although it is difficult to define normal age ranges because of the marked variation with which puberty begins in normal children, precocious puberty can be defined as the onset of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls or 9 years in boys.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000826","HPO_Synonym__c":"Early onset of puberty; Early puberty","HPO_Name__c":"Precocious puberty","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002750","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delayed bone age; Delayed bone age before puberty; Delayed bone maturation; Delayed skeletal development; Retarded bone age; Skeletal maturation retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Delayed skeletal maturation","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000369","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low set ears; Low-set ears; Low-set pinnae; Lowset ears; Melotia","HPO_Name__c":"Low-set ears","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Mild intellectual disability (ID) is defined as a type of ID characterized by mildly sub-average adaptive functioning and intellectual functioning, with an intelligence quotient (IQ) the range of 50-69.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001256","HPO_Synonym__c":"Intellectual disability, mild; Mental retardation, borderline-mild; Mild and nonprogressive mental retardation; Mild mental retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Mild intellectual disability","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001531","HPO_Synonym__c":"Failure to thrive in first year of life; Faltering weight in infancy; Weight faltering in infancy","HPO_Name__c":"Failure to thrive in infancy","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Difference in length or size between the right and left arm.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100560","HPO_Synonym__c":"Unequal size of arms","HPO_Name__c":"Upper limb asymmetry","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000347","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased size of lower jaw; Decreased size of mandible; Hypoplasia of lower jaw; Hypoplasia of mandible; Hypoplastic mandible; Hypoplastic mandible condyle; Hypotrophic lower jaw; Hypotrophic mandible; Little lower jaw; Little mandible; Lower jaw deficiency; Lower jaw hypoplasia; Mandibular deficiency; Mandibular hypoplasia; Mandibular micrognathia; Micrognathia of lower jaw; Micromandible; Robin mandible; Severe hypoplasia of mandible; Small jaw; Small lower jaw; Small mandible; Underdevelopment of lower jaw; Underdevelopment of mandible","HPO_Name__c":"Micrognathia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A difference in length or diameter between the left and right leg.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100559","HPO_Synonym__c":"Left and right leg differ in length or width","HPO_Name__c":"Lower limb asymmetry","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any structural abnormality of male external genitalia.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000032","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of male external genitalia","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal male external genitalia morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003199","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased muscle mass","HPO_Name__c":"Decreased muscle mass","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A height below that which is expected according to age and sex norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to \\\"short stature\\\" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex (or below the 3rd percentile for age and sex dependent norms).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004322","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased body height; Height less than 3rd percentile; Short stature; Small stature; Stature below 3rd percentile","HPO_Name__c":"Short stature","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Severe weight loss, wasting of muscle, loss of appetite, and general debility related to a chronic disease.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004326","HPO_Synonym__c":"Wasting syndrome","HPO_Name__c":"Cachexia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any structural abnormality of the vagina.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000142","HPO_Synonym__c":"Vaginal malformation","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal vagina morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any abnormality of the cardiovascular system.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001626","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the cardiovascular system; Cardiovascular abnormality","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the cardiovascular system","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The birth of a baby of less than 37 weeks of gestational age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001622","HPO_Synonym__c":"Premature birth; Premature delivery; Premature delivery of affected infants; Preterm birth; Preterm delivery; Shortened gestation time","HPO_Name__c":"Premature birth","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) manifesting in the neonatal period and affecting the entire musculature.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008935","HPO_Synonym__c":"Generalized low muscle tone in neonate; Hypotonia, neonatal, generalized","HPO_Name__c":"Generalized neonatal hypotonia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Cafe-au-lait spots are hyperpigmented lesions that can vary in color from light brown to dark brown with smooth borders and having a size of 1.5 cm or more in adults and 0.5 cm or more in children.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000957","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cafe au lait spots; Cafe-au-lait macule; Cafe-au-lait macules","HPO_Name__c":"Cafe-au-lait spot","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Head circumference which falls below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex because of insufficient head growth after birth.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005484","HPO_Synonym__c":"Acquired microcephaly; Deceleration of head growth; Microcephaly, acquired; Microcephaly, postnatal; Postnatal deceleration of head circumference; Postnatal microcephaly","HPO_Name__c":"Secondary microcephaly","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Facial contour, as viewed from the front, triangular in shape, with breadth at the temples and tapering to a narrow chin.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000325","HPO_Synonym__c":"Face with broad temples and narrow chin; Inverted triangular face; Triangular face; Triangular facial shape; Triangular facies","HPO_Name__c":"Triangular face","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Increased resistance towards insulin, that is, diminished effectiveness of insulin in reducing blood glucose levels.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000855","HPO_Synonym__c":"Body fails to respond to insulin","HPO_Name__c":"Insulin resistance","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A widely spaced gap between the first toe (the great toe) and the second toe.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001852","HPO_Synonym__c":"Gap between 1st and 2nd toes; Gap between first and second toe; Increased space between first and second toes; Sandal gap between first and second toes; Space between great toe and second toe; Wide space between 1st, 2nd toes; Wide space between first and second toes; Wide-spaced big toe; Widely spaced 1st-2nd toes; Widely spaced first and second toes; Widened gap 1st-2nd toes; Widened gap first and second toe","HPO_Name__c":"Sandal gap","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001270","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delay in development of motor milestones; Delay in motor development; Delayed development of motor milestones; Delayed early motor milestones; Delayed motor development; Delayed motor milestones; Locomotor delay; Motor developmental delay; Motor developmental milestones not achieved; Motor retardation; Retarded motor development; Slow development of motor milestones","HPO_Name__c":"Motor delay","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal excessive perspiration (sweating) despite the lack of appropriate stimuli like hot and humid weather.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000975","HPO_Synonym__c":"Diaphoresis; Excessive sweating; Increased sweating; Profuse sweating; Sweating; Sweating profusely; Sweating, increased","HPO_Name__c":"Hyperhidrosis","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Onset of adrenarche at an earlier age than usual.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012412","HPO_Name__c":"Premature adrenarche","Feature_System__c":"Endocrine System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Joint pain.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002829","HPO_Synonym__c":"Arthralgias; Joint pain","HPO_Name__c":"Arthralgia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000358","HPO_Synonym__c":"Ear, posterior angulation, increased; Ears rotated toward back of head; Posteriorly angulated ears; Posteriorly rotated; Posteriorly rotated auricles; Posteriorly-angulated ears; Posteriorly-rotated ears","HPO_Name__c":"Posteriorly rotated ears","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002019","HPO_Synonym__c":"Constipation; Costiveness; Dyschezia","HPO_Name__c":"Constipation","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000047","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypospadia","HPO_Name__c":"Hypospadias","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal restriction of fetal growth with fetal weight below the tenth percentile for gestational age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001511","HPO_Synonym__c":"Fetal growth restriction; FGR; In utero growth retardation; Intrauterine growth failure; Intrauterine growth restriction; Intrauterine growth retardation, IUGR; Intrauterine retardation; IUGR; Prenatal growth deficiency; Prenatal growth failure; Prenatal growth retardation; Prenatal onset growth retardation; Prenatal-onset growth retardation; Small for gestational age infant","HPO_Name__c":"Intrauterine growth retardation","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Persistent deficits in social interaction and communication and interaction as well as a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest as well as repetitive patterns of behavior.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000729","HPO_Synonym__c":"ASD; Pervasive developmental disorder","HPO_Name__c":"Autistic behavior","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A persistent (minutes to hours) abnormal increase in the pitch (frequency) of the voice for the context or social situation or significantly different from baseline of the individual.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001620","HPO_Synonym__c":"High pitched voice; High-pitched voice","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormally high-pitched voice","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the urinary system.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000079","HPO_Synonym__c":"Urinary tract abnormalities; Urinary tract abnormality; Urinary tract anomalies","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the urinary system","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal bluish coloration of the sclera.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000592","HPO_Synonym__c":"Blue sclera; Bluish sclerae; Gray sclerae; Whites of eyes are a bluish-gray color","HPO_Name__c":"Blue sclerae","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Height of the vermilion of the medial part of the lip more than 2 SD below the mean, or apparently reduced height of the vermilion of the lip in the frontal view. The vermilion is the red part of the lips (and confusingly, the vermilion itself is also often referred to as being equivalent the lips).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000233","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased volume of lip; Decreased volume of lip vermillion; Thin lips; Thin vermillion","HPO_Name__c":"Thin vermilion border","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the calcaneus, also known as the heel bone, one of the or heel bone, one of the components of the tarsus of the foot which make up the heel.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008364","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal heel bone","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the calcaneus","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A relatively mild degree of macrocephaly in which the head circumference is not above two standard deviations from the mean, but appears dysproportionately large when other factors such as body stature are taken into account.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004482","HPO_Synonym__c":"Disproportionately large head; Macrocephaly, relative; Relatively large head","HPO_Name__c":"Relative macrocephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:813","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the appendicular skeletal system, consisting of the of the limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdles.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011844","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Specialist":["Cancer - Oncologist","Genetics","Neurology","Ophthalmology","Orthopedics","Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Pediatrics"],"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology","Congenital Abnormality"]},"synonyms":["russell silver syndrome"," russell-silver dwarfism"," russell's syndrome"," silver russell dwarfism"," silver russell syndrome"," silver syndrome"," silver-russell dwarfism"," silver-russell syndrome"," srs"],"spanishId":13598,"spanishName":"sindrome-de-silver-russell"}