{"Name":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0004914","id":4914,"encodedName":"infantile-onset-ascending-hereditary-spastic-paralysis","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","Xref_IDs__c":"703543005; C2931441; C537217; MEDGEN:419413; MONDO:0011797; OMIM:607225; ORPHA:293168","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":4,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":7,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0011797","Disease_Description__c":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis (IAHSP) is a very rare motor neuron disease characterized by severe spasticity of the lower limbs in early life, progression of spasticity to the upper limbs in late childhood, and dysarthria.","GARD_Name__c":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; iahsp; iahsp - infantile onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis; infantile ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004914","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis is one of a group of genetic disorders known as hereditary spastic paraplegias. These disorders are characterized by progressive muscle stiffness (spasticity) and eventual paralysis of the lower limbs (paraplegia). The spasticity and paraplegia result from degeneration (atrophy) of motor neurons, which are specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control muscle movement. Hereditary spastic paraplegias are divided into two types: pure and complicated. The pure types involve only the lower limbs, while the complicated types involve additional areas of the nervous system, affecting the upper limbs and other areas of the body. Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis starts as a pure hereditary spastic paraplegia, with spasticity and weakness in the legs only, but as the disorder progresses, the muscles in the arms, neck, and head become involved and features of the disorder are more characteristic of the complicated type. Affected infants are typically normal at birth, then within the first 2 years of life, the initial symptoms of infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis appear. Early symptoms include exaggerated reflexes (hyperreflexia) and recurrent muscle spasms in the legs. As the condition progresses, affected children develop abnormal tightness and stiffness in the leg muscles and weakness in the legs and arms. Over time, muscle weakness and stiffness travels up (ascends) the body from the legs to the head and neck. Muscles in the head and neck usually weaken during adolescence; symptoms include slow eye movements and difficulty with speech and swallowing. Affected individuals may lose the ability to speak (anarthria). The leg and arm muscle weakness can become so severe as to lead to paralysis; as a result affected individuals require wheelchair assistance by late childhood or early adolescence. Intelligence is not affected in this condition. A condition called juvenile primary lateral sclerosis shares many of the features of infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis. Both conditions have the same genetic cause and significantly impair movement beginning in childhood; however, the pattern of nerve degeneration is different. Because of their similarities, these conditions are sometimes considered the same disorder.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn and as an Infant","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:293168","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0011797","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:293168","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Parálisis espástica ascendente hereditaria de inicio en el lactante","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:293168","Spanish_Description__c":"La parálisis espástica hereditaria ascendente de inicio en la infancia (IAHSP) es una enfermedad muy rara de las neuronas motoras caracterizada por una grave espasticidad de las extremidades inferiores, que evoluciona con espasticidad a las extremidades superiores al final de la infancia y disartria.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"parálisis espástica ascendente hereditaria de inicio en el lactante","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"iahsp","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:98006","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis is one of a group of genetic disorders known as hereditary spastic paraplegias. These disorders are characterized by progressive muscle stiffness (spasticity) and eventual paralysis of the lower limbs (paraplegia). The spasticity and paraplegia result from degeneration (atrophy) of motor neurons, which are specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control muscle movement. Hereditary spastic paraplegias are divided into two types: pure and complicated. The pure types involve only the lower limbs, while the complicated types involve additional areas of the nervous system, affecting the upper limbs and other areas of the body. Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis starts as a pure hereditary spastic paraplegia, with spasticity and weakness in the legs only, but as the disorder progresses, the muscles in the arms, neck, and head become involved and features of the disorder are more characteristic of the complicated type. Affected infants are typically normal at birth, then within the first 2 years of life, the initial symptoms of infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis appear. Early symptoms include exaggerated reflexes (hyperreflexia) and recurrent muscle spasms in the legs. As the condition progresses, affected children develop abnormal tightness and stiffness in the leg muscles and weakness in the legs and arms. Over time, muscle weakness and stiffness travels up (ascends) the body from the legs to the head and neck. Muscles in the head and neck usually weaken during adolescence; symptoms include slow eye movements and difficulty with speech and swallowing. Affected individuals may lose the ability to speak (anarthria). The leg and arm muscle weakness can become so severe as to lead to paralysis; as a result affected individuals require wheelchair assistance by late childhood or early adolescence. Intelligence is not affected in this condition. A condition called juvenile primary lateral sclerosis shares many of the features of infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis. Both conditions have the same genetic cause and significantly impair movement beginning in childhood; however, the pattern of nerve degeneration is different. Because of their similarities, these conditions are sometimes considered the same disorder.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0004914","GARD_Synonym__c":"autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; iahsp; iahsp - infantile onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis; infantile ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","Name":"Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Spastic Paraplegia Foundation","Website__c":"https://sp-foundation.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Periodic Paralysis Association","Website__c":"https://periodicparalysis.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Periodic Paralysis International","Website__c":"https://www.hkpp.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neuromuscular medicine","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neuromuscular medicine"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Infancy","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C2931441"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0004914","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1243","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK1243"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/607225","Source__c":"C2931441; MONDO:0011797; ORPHA:293168","Xref__c":"OMIM:607225"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=703543005","Source__c":"C2931441; MONDO:0011797","Xref__c":"703543005"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C2931441","Source__c":"C2931441","Xref__c":"C2931441"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C537217","Source__c":"MONDO:0011797","Xref__c":"C537217"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/293168","Source__c":"C2931441; MONDO:0011797; ORPHA:293168","Xref__c":"ORPHA:293168"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=419413","Source__c":"C2931441","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:419413"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011797","Source__c":"GARD:0004914","Xref__c":"MONDO:0011797"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/infantile-onset-ascending-hereditary-spastic-paralysis","Source__c":"GARD:0004914","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/infantile-onset-ascending-hereditary-spastic-paralysis"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"ALS2","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/als2","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is characterized by uncontrolled crying or laughing which may be disproportionate or inappropriate to the social context. Thus, there is a disparity between the patient's emotional expression and his or her emotional experience.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002193","HPO_Synonym__c":"Pseudobulbar behavioral symptoms","HPO_Name__c":"Pseudobulbar affect","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Paralysis of all four limbs, and trunk of the body below the level of an associated injury to the spinal cord. The etiology of quadriplegia is similar to that of paraplegia except that the lesion is in the cervical spinal cord rather than in the thoracic or lumbar segments of the spinal cord.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002445","HPO_Synonym__c":"Paralysis of all four limbs; Quadriplegia","HPO_Name__c":"Tetraplegia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Spastic paralysis affecting all four limbs.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002510","HPO_Synonym__c":"Spastic quadriplegia","HPO_Name__c":"Spastic tetraplegia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001260","HPO_Synonym__c":"Difficulty articulating speech; Dysarthric speech","HPO_Name__c":"Dysarthria","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001347","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased deep tendon reflexes; Increased reflexes","HPO_Name__c":"Hyperreflexia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Functional neurological abnormalities related to dysfunction of the pyramidal tract.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0007256","HPO_Synonym__c":"Corticospinal signs; Pyramidal signs; Pyramidal tract signs","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal pyramidal sign","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A defect in the motor ability that enables speech.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002425","HPO_Synonym__c":"Loss of articulate speech","HPO_Name__c":"Anarthria","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal reduction in the ability to masticate (chew), i.e., in the ability to crush and ground food in preparation for swallowing.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005216","HPO_Synonym__c":"Chewing difficulties; Chewing difficulty; Difficulty chewing","HPO_Name__c":"Impaired mastication","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Complete loss of the ability to move the lower limbs accompanied by spasticity of the lower limbs.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001258","HPO_Synonym__c":"Spastic paraplegia, lower limb","HPO_Name__c":"Spastic paraplegia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001257","HPO_Synonym__c":"Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm; Muscle spasticity; Muscular spasticity","HPO_Name__c":"Spasticity","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:293168","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality in voluntary or involuntary eye movements or their control.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000496","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal extraocular movement; Abnormal extraocular movements; Abnormal eye motility; Abnormal eye movement; Abnormal eye movements; Abnormal motility of the globe of the eye; Abnormal movement of the globe of the eye; Abnormal ocular movements; Abnormality of eye movement; Eye movement abnormalities; Eye movement issue; Ocular movement abnormalities; Oculomotor abnormalities","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of eye movement","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Neuromuscular medicine","Pediatrics"]},"synonyms":["autosomal recessive juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"," iahsp"," iahsp - infantile onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis"," infantile ascending hereditary spastic paralysis"]}