{"Name":"Waardenburg-Shah syndrome","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0005524","id":5524,"encodedName":"waardenburg-shah-syndrome","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Waardenburg-Shah syndrome","Xref_IDs__c":"C124842; CN296453; MEDGEN:979427; MONDO:0019518; ORPHA:897","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":5,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":0,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":0,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":4,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":1,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019518","Disease_Description__c":"Waardenburg-Shah syndrome (WSS), also known as Waardenburg syndrome type 4 (WS4) is characterized by the association of Waardenburg syndrome (sensorineural hearing loss and pigmentary abnormalities) and Hirschsprung disease (aganglionic megacolon).","GARD_Name__c":"Waardenburg-Shah syndrome","GARD_Synonym__c":"shah-waardenburg syndrome; waardenburg syndrome type 4; waardenburg syndrome type iv; waardenburg-hirschsprung syndrome; ws4","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0005524","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Waardenburg syndrome type 4, also known as Waardenburg-Shah syndrome, is a genetic condition that can cause hearing loss; changes in coloring (pigmentation) of the hair, skin, and eyes; and Hirschsprung disease, an intestinal disorder that causes severe constipation or blockage of the intestine. This disease may be caused by genetic changes in any of the following genes: EDNRB, EDN3, or SOX10. This condition is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion; however, some cases of type 4 appear to have an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:897","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Grouping","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0019518","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:897","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Síndrome de waardenburg-shah","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:897","Spanish_Description__c":"Síndrome caracterizado por la asociación del síndrome de Waardenburg (pérdida auditiva neurosensorial y anomalías pigmentarias) y la enfermedad de Hirschsprung (megacolon agangliónico).","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"síndrome de waardenburg-shah","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":null,"Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93890","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Waardenburg syndrome type 4, also known as Waardenburg-Shah syndrome, is a genetic condition that can cause hearing loss; changes in coloring (pigmentation) of the hair, skin, and eyes; and Hirschsprung disease, an intestinal disorder that causes severe constipation or blockage of the intestine. This disease may be caused by genetic changes in any of the following genes: EDNRB, EDN3, or SOX10. This condition is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion; however, some cases of type 4 appear to have an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0005524","GARD_Synonym__c":"shah-waardenburg syndrome; waardenburg syndrome type 4; waardenburg syndrome type iv; waardenburg-hirschsprung syndrome; ws4","Name":"Waardenburg-Shah syndrome","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"REACH","Website__c":"https://www.reachhd.org"},{"Account_Name__c":"International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders","Website__c":"https://iffgd.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Pull-thru Network","Website__c":"https://www.pullthrunetwork.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Gastroenterology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Gastrointestinal diseases, or digestive diseases, affect the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, or pancreas.","curated_tag_name":"Gastrointestinal diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Dermatology","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Skin diseases, or integumentary system diseases, affect the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, or oil glands.","curated_tag_name":"Skin diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Otolaryngology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C1838099"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0005524","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C124842","Source__c":"MONDO:0019518","Xref__c":"C124842"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/897","Source__c":"CN296453; MONDO:0019518","Xref__c":"ORPHA:897"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=979427","Source__c":"CN296453","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:979427"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/CN296453","Source__c":"CN296453","Xref__c":"CN296453"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019518","Source__c":"GARD:0005524","Xref__c":"MONDO:0019518"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"SOX10","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/sox10","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"MITF","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/mitf","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"EDNRB","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/ednrb","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"EDN3","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/edn3","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive","Autosomal dominant"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A triangular depigmented region of white hairs located in the anterior midline of the scalp.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002211","HPO_Synonym__c":"Poliosis of anterior hair; Poliosis of forelock hair; White part of hair above forehead","HPO_Name__c":"White forelock","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Meeting of the medial eyebrows in the midline.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000664","HPO_Synonym__c":"Monobrow; Synophris; Unibrow","HPO_Name__c":"Synophrys","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the eyebrow.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000534","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the eyebrow","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal eyebrow morphology","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Blockage or impairment of the normal flow of the contents of the intestine towards the anal canal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005214","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bowel obstruction; Intestinal blockage; Intestinal obstruction","HPO_Name__c":"Intestinal obstruction","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any abnormality of the eye, including location, spacing, and intraocular abnormalities.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000478","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal eye; Abnormality of the eye","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the eye","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001341","HPO_Synonym__c":"Olfactory lobe absence","HPO_Name__c":"Olfactory lobe agenesis","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Development of gray hair at a younger than normal age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002216","HPO_Synonym__c":"Early graying; Premature graying; Premature graying of hair; Premature hair graying","HPO_Name__c":"Premature graying of hair","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the nose.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000366","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the nose; Anomaly of the nose; Nasal abnormality; Nasal anomaly","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of the nose","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Thinned, deficient, or excessively arched ala nasi.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000430","HPO_Synonym__c":"Ala nasi, underdeveloped; Alar cartilage hypoplasia; Decreased size of nasal alae; Hypoplastic alae nasae; Hypoplastic alae nasi; Hypoplastic alar cartilage; Hypoplastic alar nasae; Hypoplastic nares; Hypoplastic nasal alae; Hypoplastic nasal wings; Hypoplastic nostrils; Nasal cartilage hypoplasia; Small nasal alae; Thin hypoplastic alae nasi; Underdeveloped tissue around nostril","HPO_Name__c":"Underdeveloped nasal alae","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormality of eyesight (visual perception).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000504","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of sight; Abnormality of vision; Vision issue","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormality of vision","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Increased breadth of the nasal bridge (and with it, the nasal root).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000431","HPO_Synonym__c":"Broad nasal bridge; Broad nasal root; Broadened nasal bridge; Increased breadth of bridge of nose; Increased breadth of nasal bridge; Increased width of bridge of nose; Increased width of nasal bridge; Nasal bridge broad; Nasal bridge, wide; Wide bridge of nose; Wide nasal bridge; Widened nasal bridge","HPO_Name__c":"Wide nasal bridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Distance between the inner canthi more than two standard deviations above the mean (objective); or, apparently increased distance between the inner canthi.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000506","HPO_Synonym__c":"Corners of eye widely separated; Dystopia canthorum; Increased distance between medial canthi; Increased intercanthal distance","HPO_Name__c":"Telecanthus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Anterior positioning of the nasal root in comparison to the usual positioning for age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000426","HPO_Synonym__c":"Elevated nasal bridge; High nasal bridge; Prominent bridge of nose; Prominent nasal bridge; Prominent nasal root; Protruding bridge of nose; Protruding nasal bridge","HPO_Name__c":"Prominent nasal bridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"White color (lack of pigmentation) of the eyebrow.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002226","HPO_Synonym__c":"Depigmented eyebrow; Hypopigmented eyebrow; Pale eyebrow; White eyebrow","HPO_Name__c":"White eyebrow","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the intestine. The closely related term enteropathy is used to refer to any disease of the intestine.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002242","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the intestine; Enteropathy","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal intestine morphology","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"White color (lack of pigmentation) of the eyelashes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002227","HPO_Synonym__c":"Blonde eyelashes; Depigmented eyelashes; Pale eyelashes; White eyelashes","HPO_Name__c":"White eyelashes","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002019","HPO_Synonym__c":"Constipation; Costiveness; Dyschezia","HPO_Name__c":"Constipation","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) and perceived to originate in the abdomen.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002027","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abdominal pain; Pain in stomach; Stomach pain","HPO_Name__c":"Abdominal pain","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality resulting from a lack of intestinal ganglion cells (i.e., an aganglionic section of bowel) that results in bowel obstruction with enlargement of the colon.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002251","HPO_Synonym__c":"Enlarged colon lacking nerve cells; Hirschsprung megacolon","HPO_Name__c":"Aganglionic megacolon","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A structural abnormality of the macula, a region that, in a clinical context, is typically used to describe the central part of the retina within the vascular arcades.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001103","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the macula; Macula abnormality; Macular abnormality","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal macular morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005599","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hair hypopigmentation; Loss of hair color","HPO_Name__c":"Hypopigmentation of hair","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any deviation from the normal pigmentation of the retina.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0007703","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of retinal pigment epithelium; Abnormality of retinal pigmentation; Abnormality of RPE; Retinal pigmentary anomaly","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal retinal pigmentation","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:897","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000365","HPO_Synonym__c":"Deafness; Hearing defect; Hearing impairment; Hypacusis","HPO_Name__c":"Hearing impairment","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Gastroenterology","Dermatology","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Gastroenterology","Dermatology","Otolaryngology","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Dermatology"]},"synonyms":["shah-waardenburg syndrome"," waardenburg syndrome type 4"," waardenburg syndrome type iv"," waardenburg-hirschsprung syndrome"," ws4"]}