{"Name":"Carpenter syndrome","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0006003","id":6003,"encodedName":"carpenter-syndrome","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Carpenter syndrome","Xref_IDs__c":"403767009; C1275078; C98873; DOID:0060234; MEDGEN:226897; MONDO:0019012; OMIMPS:201000; ORPHA:65759","USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":6,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"1 to 8,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":5,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":3,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0019012","Disease_Description__c":"An extremely rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by premature closure of cranial sutures leading to cone-shaped head, fusion of the digits, and the presence of more digits than normal. It may be associated with heart defects, single horseshoe-shaped kidney, short stature, undescended testes, and mild mental retardation.","GARD_Name__c":"Carpenter syndrome","GARD_Synonym__c":"acps2; acrocephalopolysyndactyly type 2; acrocephalopolysyndactyly type ii; carpenter 's syndrome; type ii acrocephalopolysyndactyly","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0006003","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Carpenter syndrome is a condition characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones (craniosynostosis), abnormalities of the fingers and toes, and other developmental problems. Craniosynostosis prevents the skull from growing normally, frequently giving the head a pointed appearance (acrocephaly). In severely affected individuals, the abnormal fusion of the skull bones results in a deformity called a cloverleaf skull. Craniosynostosis can cause differences between the two sides of the head and face (craniofacial asymmetry). Early fusion of the skull bones can affect the development of the brain and lead to increased pressure within the skull (intracranial pressure). Premature fusion of the skull bones can cause several characteristic facial features in people with Carpenter syndrome. Distinctive facial features may include a flat nasal bridge, outside corners of the eyes that point downward (down-slanting palpebral fissures), low-set and abnormally shaped ears, underdeveloped upper and lower jaws, and abnormal eye shape. Some affected individuals also have dental abnormalities including small primary (baby) teeth. Vision problems also frequently occur. Abnormalities of the fingers and toes include fusion of the skin between two or more fingers or toes (cutaneous syndactyly), unusually short fingers or toes (brachydactyly), or extra fingers or toes (polydactyly). In Carpenter syndrome, cutaneous syndactyly is most common between the third (middle) and fourth (ring) fingers, and polydactyly frequently occurs next to the big or second toe or the fifth (pinky) finger. People with Carpenter syndrome often have intellectual disability, which can range from mild to profound. However, some individuals with this condition have normal intelligence. The cause of intellectual disability is unknown, as the severity of craniosynostosis does not appear to be related to the severity of intellectual disability. Other features of Carpenter syndrome include obesity that begins in childhood, a soft out-pouching around the belly-button (umbilical hernia), hearing loss, and heart defects. Additional skeletal abnormalities such as deformed hips, a rounded upper back that also curves to the side (kyphoscoliosis), and knees that are angled inward (genu valgum) frequently occur. Nearly all affected males have genital abnormalities, most frequently undescended testes (cryptorchidism). A few people with Carpenter syndrome have organs or tissues within their chest and abdomen that are in mirror-image reversed positions. This abnormal placement may affect several internal organs (situs inversus); just the heart (dextrocardia), placing the heart on the right side of the body instead of on the left; or only the major (great) arteries of the heart, altering blood flow. The signs and symptoms of this disorder vary considerably, even within the same family. The life expectancy for individuals with Carpenter syndrome is shortened but extremely variable. The signs and symptoms of Carpenter syndrome are similar to another genetic condition called Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome. The overlapping features, which include craniosynostosis, polydactyly, and heart abnormalities, can cause these two conditions to be misdiagnosed; genetic testing is often required for an accurate diagnosis.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"at a variety of ages","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:65759","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Grouping","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0019012","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:65759","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Síndrome de carpenter","Spanish_Description_Source__c":null,"Spanish_Description__c":null,"Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"síndrome de carpenter","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"acps 2; acrocefalopolisindactilia tipo 2","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93890","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Carpenter syndrome is a condition characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones (craniosynostosis), abnormalities of the fingers and toes, and other developmental problems. Craniosynostosis prevents the skull from growing normally, frequently giving the head a pointed appearance (acrocephaly). In severely affected individuals, the abnormal fusion of the skull bones results in a deformity called a cloverleaf skull. Craniosynostosis can cause differences between the two sides of the head and face (craniofacial asymmetry). Early fusion of the skull bones can affect the development of the brain and lead to increased pressure within the skull (intracranial pressure). Premature fusion of the skull bones can cause several characteristic facial features in people with Carpenter syndrome. Distinctive facial features may include a flat nasal bridge, outside corners of the eyes that point downward (down-slanting palpebral fissures), low-set and abnormally shaped ears, underdeveloped upper and lower jaws, and abnormal eye shape. Some affected individuals also have dental abnormalities including small primary (baby) teeth. Vision problems also frequently occur. Abnormalities of the fingers and toes include fusion of the skin between two or more fingers or toes (cutaneous syndactyly), unusually short fingers or toes (brachydactyly), or extra fingers or toes (polydactyly). In Carpenter syndrome, cutaneous syndactyly is most common between the third (middle) and fourth (ring) fingers, and polydactyly frequently occurs next to the big or second toe or the fifth (pinky) finger. People with Carpenter syndrome often have intellectual disability, which can range from mild to profound. However, some individuals with this condition have normal intelligence. The cause of intellectual disability is unknown, as the severity of craniosynostosis does not appear to be related to the severity of intellectual disability. Other features of Carpenter syndrome include obesity that begins in childhood, a soft out-pouching around the belly-button (umbilical hernia), hearing loss, and heart defects. Additional skeletal abnormalities such as deformed hips, a rounded upper back that also curves to the side (kyphoscoliosis), and knees that are angled inward (genu valgum) frequently occur. Nearly all affected males have genital abnormalities, most frequently undescended testes (cryptorchidism). A few people with Carpenter syndrome have organs or tissues within their chest and abdomen that are in mirror-image reversed positions. This abnormal placement may affect several internal organs (situs inversus); just the heart (dextrocardia), placing the heart on the right side of the body instead of on the left; or only the major (great) arteries of the heart, altering blood flow. The signs and symptoms of this disorder vary considerably, even within the same family. The life expectancy for individuals with Carpenter syndrome is shortened but extremely variable. The signs and symptoms of Carpenter syndrome are similar to another genetic condition called Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome. The overlapping features, which include craniosynostosis, polydactyly, and heart abnormalities, can cause these two conditions to be misdiagnosed; genetic testing is often required for an accurate diagnosis.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0006003","GARD_Synonym__c":"acps2; acrocephalopolysyndactyly type 2; acrocephalopolysyndactyly type ii; carpenter 's syndrome; type ii acrocephalopolysyndactyly","Name":"Carpenter syndrome","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"1,000","estimateUsa":"1,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"myFace","Website__c":"https://www.myface.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"FACES: The National Craniofacial Association","Website__c":"https://www.faces-cranio.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Children's Craniofacial Association","Website__c":"https://ccakids.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"World Craniofacial Foundation","Website__c":"https://www.worldcf.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Endocrine","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Endocrine diseases affect hormone production or how the body responds to a specific hormone(s).","curated_tag_name":"Endocrine diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Orthopedics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Craniofacial Anomalies","Tag_Category__c":"Account","curated_tag_name":"Craniofacial anomalies"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Antenatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Childhood","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C1275078"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0006003","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=226897","Source__c":"C1275078","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:226897"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C98873","Source__c":"C1275078; MONDO:0019012","Xref__c":"C98873"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/65759","Source__c":"C1275078; MONDO:0019012; ORPHA:65759","Xref__c":"ORPHA:65759"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C1275078","Source__c":"C1275078","Xref__c":"C1275078"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0060234","Source__c":"MONDO:0019012","Xref__c":"DOID:0060234"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/phenotypicSeries/PS201000","Source__c":"MONDO:0019012","Xref__c":"OMIMPS:201000"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=403767009","Source__c":"C1275078; MONDO:0019012","Xref__c":"403767009"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/carpenter-syndrome","Source__c":"GARD:0006003","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/carpenter-syndrome"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019012","Source__c":"GARD:0006003","Xref__c":"MONDO:0019012"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"MEGF8","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/megf8","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true},{"GeneSymbol__c":"RAB23","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/rab23","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal curvature of the spine in both a coronal (lateral) and sagittal (back-to-front) plane.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002751","HPO_Name__c":"Kyphoscoliosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Polysplenia is a congenital disease manifested by multiple small accessory spleens.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001748","HPO_Synonym__c":"Accessory spleens; Multiple accessory spleens; Multiple small spleens","HPO_Name__c":"Polysplenia","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System; Immune System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Always (100%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001156","HPO_Synonym__c":"Brachydactyly syndrome; Short fingers or toes","HPO_Name__c":"Brachydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000256","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased size of cranium; Increased size of skull; Large head; Large head circumference; Macrocephalus; Macrocrania; Megacephaly","HPO_Name__c":"Macrocephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Interpupillary distance more than 2 SD above the mean (alternatively, the appearance of an increased interpupillary distance or widely spaced eyes).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000316","HPO_Synonym__c":"Excessive orbital separation; Increased distance between eye sockets; Increased distance between eyes; Increased interpupillary distance; Ocular hypertelorism; Wide-set eyes; Widely spaced eyes; Widened interpupillary distance","HPO_Name__c":"Hypertelorism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Short fourth metacarpal bone.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010044","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypoplastic fourth metacarpal; Short 4th metacarpals; Short fourth metacarpals; Shortened 4th long bone of hand","HPO_Name__c":"Short 4th metacarpal","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Tall head relative to width and length.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000262","HPO_Synonym__c":"Tall shaped cranium; Tall shaped skull; Tower cranium shape; Tower skull shape; Turricephalus","HPO_Name__c":"Turricephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any structural anomaly of the heart and blood vessels.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0030680","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology; Cardiovascular malformations","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Trilobar skull configuration when viewed from the front or behind.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002676","HPO_Synonym__c":"Kleeblattschaedel","HPO_Name__c":"Cloverleaf skull","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Supernumerary digits located at the ulnar side of the hand (that is, on the side with the fifth finger).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001162","HPO_Synonym__c":"Extra little finger; Extra pinkie finger; Extra pinky finger; Polydactyly affecting the 5th finger; Postaxial polydactyly of fingers; Postaxial polydactyly of hand; Postaxial polydactyly of hands","HPO_Name__c":"Postaxial hand polydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of supernumerary fingers or toes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010442","HPO_Synonym__c":"More than five fingers or toes on hands or feet","HPO_Name__c":"Polydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Always (100%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Webbing or fusion of the toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as \\\"bony\\\" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as \\\"Symphalangism\\\".","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001770","HPO_Synonym__c":"Foot syndactyly; Fused toes; Syndactyly of feet; Syndactyly of toes; Webbed toes","HPO_Name__c":"Toe syndactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Bizygomatic (upper face) and bigonial (lower face) width are both more than 2 standard deviations below the mean (objective); or, an apparent reduction in the width of the upper and lower face (subjective).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000275","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased breadth of face; Decreased horizontal dimension of face; Decreased transverse dimension of face; Decreased width of face; Horizontal deficiency of face; Horizontal hypoplasia of face; Horizontal insufficiency of face; Narrow face; Narrow facies; Thin facies; Transverse deficiency of face; Transverse hypoplasia of face; Transverse insufficiency of face","HPO_Name__c":"Narrow face","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Vertical bony ridge positioned in the midline of the forehead.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005487","HPO_Synonym__c":"Prominent frontal ridge; Prominent metopic suture; Ridging of metopic suture","HPO_Name__c":"Prominent metopic ridge","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001643","HPO_Synonym__c":"Ductus arteriosus; Patent ductus Botalli; PDA; Persistent arterial duct; Persistent ductus arteriosus","HPO_Name__c":"Patent ductus arteriosus","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Any abnormality of the cornea, which is the transparent tissue at the front of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000481","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the cornea; Corneal abnormalities; Corneal abnormality","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal cornea morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A fold of skin starting above the medial aspect of the upper eyelid and arching downward to cover, pass in front of and lateral to the medial canthus.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000286","HPO_Synonym__c":"Epicanthal fold; Epicanthal folds; Epicanthic folds; Eye folds; Palpebronasal fold; Plica palpebronasalis; Prominent eye folds","HPO_Name__c":"Epicanthus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Talipes equinovarus (also called clubfoot) typically has four main components: inversion and adduction of the forefoot; inversion of the heel and hindfoot; equinus (limitation of extension) of the ankle and subtalar joint; and internal rotation of the leg.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001762","HPO_Synonym__c":"Club feet; Club foot; Clubbing of feet; Clubfeet; Clubfoot; Equinovarus; Foot, talipes equinovarus; Pes equinovarus; Pes equinus","HPO_Name__c":"Talipes equinovarus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000028","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cryptorchism; Undescended testes; Undescended testis","HPO_Name__c":"Cryptorchidism","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Lack of prominence of the nose resulting from a posteriorly-placed nasal ridge.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000457","HPO_Synonym__c":"Depressed dorsum of nose; Depressed nasal dorsum; Flat dorsum of nose; Flat nasal dorsum; Flat nose; Recessed dorsum of nose; Recessed nasal dorsum; Recessed nasal ridge; Retruded dorsum of nose; Retruded nasal dorsum; Retruded nasal ridge","HPO_Name__c":"Depressed nasal ridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002857","HPO_Synonym__c":"Genu valga; Genu valgus; Genua valga; Knee joint valgus deformity; Knock knees","HPO_Name__c":"Genu valgum","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001537","HPO_Synonym__c":"Umbilical hernias","HPO_Name__c":"Umbilical hernia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Webbing or fusion of the fingers or toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as \\\"bony\\\" syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers or toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as \\\"symphalangism\\\".","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001159","HPO_Synonym__c":"Webbed fingers or toes","HPO_Name__c":"Syndactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Interalar distance more than two standard deviations above the mean for age, i.e., an apparently increased width of the nasal base and alae.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000445","HPO_Synonym__c":"Broad nose; Increased breadth of nose; Increased nasal breadth; Increased nasal width; Increased width of nose; Wide nose","HPO_Name__c":"Wide nose","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Always (100%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Webbing or fusion of the fingers, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as \\\"bony\\\" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as \\\"Symphalangism\\\".","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006101","HPO_Synonym__c":"Partial syndactyly","HPO_Name__c":"Finger syndactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000486","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cross-eyed; Squint; Squint eyes","HPO_Name__c":"Strabismus","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Underdevelopment of part or all of the external reproductive organs.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003241","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypogenitalism; Small genitalia; Underdevelopment of external reproductive organs","HPO_Name__c":"External genital hypoplasia","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001249","HPO_Synonym__c":"Intellectual disability; Mental deficiency; Mental retardation; Mental retardation, nonspecific; Mental-retardation; Nonprogressive intellectual disability; Nonprogressive mental retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Intellectual disability","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Oxycephaly (from Greek oxus, sharp, and kephalos, head) refers to a conical or pointed shape of the skull.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000263","HPO_Name__c":"Oxycephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Increased thumb width without increased dorso-ventral dimension.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011304","HPO_Synonym__c":"Broad phalanges of the thumb; Broad thumb; Broad thumbs; Wide/broad thumb; Wide/broad thumb phalanges","HPO_Name__c":"Broad thumb","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001363","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cranial suture synostosis; Craniosyostosis; Early fusion of cranial sutures; Premature closure of cranial sutures; Premature suture closure","HPO_Name__c":"Craniosynostosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A structural or developmental anomaly of any of the tissues involved in the genital system.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012243","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal genital system morphology","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal reproductive system morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Accumulation of substantial excess body fat.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001513","HPO_Synonym__c":"Having too much body fat; Obesity","HPO_Name__c":"Obesity","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the fifth finger in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004209","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bilateral fifth digit clinodactyly; Bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly; Clinodactyly of fifth digit; Clinodactyly of the little finger; Fifth finger clinodactyly; Permanent curving of the pinkie finger","HPO_Name__c":"Clinodactyly of the 5th finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Asymmetric head shape, which is usually a combination of unilateral occipital flattening with ipsilateral frontal prominence, leading to rhomboid cranial shape.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001357","HPO_Synonym__c":"Flat head syndrome; Flattening of cranial vault; Flattening of cranium; Flattening of skull; Rhomboid shaped cranium; Rhomboid shaped skull","HPO_Name__c":"Plagiocephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The distal interphalangeal joint and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers cannot be extended to 180 degrees by either active or passive extension.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0100490","HPO_Synonym__c":"Camptodactyly of hands; Camptodactyly of proximal interphalangeal joint; Contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers; Flexion contractures of proximal interphalangeal joints; Permanent flexion of the finger; Proximal interphalangeal finger joint contractures","HPO_Name__c":"Camptodactyly of finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Duplication of all or part of the first ray.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001841","HPO_Synonym__c":"Partial/complete duplication of the phalanges of the big toe; Polydactyly affecting the hallux; Preaxial hallucal polydactyly; Preaxial polydactyly of feet; Preaxial polydactyly of foot; Preaxial polydactyly of the feet; Preaxial polydactyly, feet","HPO_Name__c":"Preaxial foot polydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the skull, the bony framework of the head which is comprised of the neurocranium (with eight cranial bones) and the viscerocranium (facial skeleton) that comprises fourteen facial bones with the mandible as its largest bone.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000929","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the skull","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal skull morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Short palm.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004279","HPO_Synonym__c":"Short palm","HPO_Name__c":"Short palm","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:65759","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A height above that which is expected according to age and sex norms.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000098","HPO_Synonym__c":"Accelerated linear growth; Increased body height; Increased linear growth; Tall stature","HPO_Name__c":"Tall stature","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Neurology","Endocrine","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Neurology","Endocrine","Orthopedics","Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Craniofacial Anomalies"]},"synonyms":["acps2"," acrocephalopolysyndactyly type 2"," acrocephalopolysyndactyly type ii"," carpenter 's syndrome"," type ii acrocephalopolysyndactyly"]}