{"Name":"Niemann-Pick disease, type A","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0007206","id":7206,"encodedName":"niemann-pick-disease-type-a","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Niemann-Pick disease, type A","Xref_IDs__c":"423022240; 52165006; C0268242; C126561; D052536; DOID:0070111; E75.240; MEDGEN:78650; MONDO:0009756; OMIM:257200; ORPHA:77292","USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":9,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":0,"No_of_HHS_records__c":1,"World_Estimate__c":"8,000 to 80,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":1,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":3,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":8,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0009756","Disease_Description__c":"A rare, autosomal recessive, acid sphingomyelinase deficiency characterized clinically by onset in infancy or early childhood with failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, interstitial lung disease and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorders.","GARD_Name__c":"Niemann-Pick disease, type A","GARD_Synonym__c":"classical niemann-pick disease; infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency; infantile neurovisceral asmd; niemann-pick disease neuropathic type; niemann-pick disease type a; niemann-pick disease, acute neuropathic form; niemann-pick disease, acute neurovisceral form; npd-a","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0007206","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is an inherited condition involving lipid metabolism, which is the breakdown, transport, and use of fats and cholesterol in the body. In people with this condition, abnormal lipid metabolism causes harmful amounts of lipids to accumulate in the spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and brain. Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency appears during infancy and is characterized by an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate (failure to thrive), and progressive deterioration of the nervous system. Due to the involvement of the nervous system, Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is also known as the neurological type. Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is caused by genetic changes in the SMPD1 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"as a Newborn and as an Infant","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:77292","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0009756","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:77292","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Deficiencia de esfingomielinasa ácida neurovisceral infantil","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:77292","Spanish_Description__c":"Es una deficiencia de esfingomielinasa ácida, poco frecuente y de herencia autosómica recesiva caracterizada clínicamente por un inicio en la lactancia o en la infancia temprana de retraso del crecimiento, hepatoesplenomegalia, enfermedad pulmonar intersticial y trastornos neurodegenerativos rápidamente progresivos.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"deficiencia de esfingomielinasa ácida neurovisceral infantil","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":"asmd neurovisceral infantil; enfermedad de niemann-pick tipo a","Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:68367","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is an inherited condition involving lipid metabolism, which is the breakdown, transport, and use of fats and cholesterol in the body. In people with this condition, abnormal lipid metabolism causes harmful amounts of lipids to accumulate in the spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow, and brain. Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency appears during infancy and is characterized by an enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly), failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate (failure to thrive), and progressive deterioration of the nervous system. Due to the involvement of the nervous system, Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is also known as the neurological type. Infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is caused by genetic changes in the SMPD1 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0007206","GARD_Synonym__c":"classical niemann-pick disease; infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency; infantile neurovisceral asmd; niemann-pick disease neuropathic type; niemann-pick disease type a; niemann-pick disease, acute neuropathic form; niemann-pick disease, acute neurovisceral form; npd-a","Name":"Niemann-Pick disease, type A","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"5,000","estimateUsa":"5,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Childhood Dementia Initiative","Website__c":"https://www.childhooddementia.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Canadian MPS Society for Mucopolysaccharide and Related Diseases","Website__c":"https://www.mpssociety.ca/"},{"Account_Name__c":"National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association","Website__c":"https://www.ntsad.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Metabolic Support UK","Website__c":"https://www.metabolicsupportuk.org"},{"Account_Name__c":"National Niemann-Pick Disease Foundation, Inc.","Website__c":"https://nnpdf.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Niemann-Pick UK","Website__c":"https://www.npuk.org/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pulmonology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Respiratory diseases affect the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, lungs, or blood vessels.","curated_tag_name":"Respiratory diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Neurological diseases affect the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, autonomic nerves, or other peripheral nerves.","curated_tag_name":"Neurological diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Ophthalmology","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Gastroenterology","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Gastrointestinal diseases, or digestive diseases, affect the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, or pancreas.","curated_tag_name":"Gastrointestinal diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category","category_description":"Inherited metabolic diseases, or inborn errors of metabolism, are a group of genetic diseases that affect the ability of the body's cells to convert food into energy.","curated_tag_name":"Inherited metabolic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Lysosomal","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Cause;Disease Category","category_description":"Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of genetic metabolic diseases that affect the ability of the body's cells to break down substances and remove toxins.","curated_tag_name":"Lysosomal storage diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Retinal","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Retinal disorders"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Epilepsy","Tag_Category__c":"Account;Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Epilepsy"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist","curated_tag_name":"Neurodevelopmental disabilities"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:77292"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Infancy","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:77292"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"NEWBORN","Category__c":"Other","Curie__c":"http://newbornscreeningcodes.nlm.nih.gov/nb/sc/condition/ASM"},{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C0268242"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0007206","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1370","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK1370"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=78650","Source__c":"C0268242","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:78650"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C052536","Source__c":"C0268242; MONDO:0009756","Xref__c":"D052536"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C126561","Source__c":"C0268242; MONDO:0009756","Xref__c":"C126561"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0268242","Source__c":"C0268242","Xref__c":"C0268242"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=52165006","Source__c":"C0268242; MONDO:0009756","Xref__c":"52165006"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A0070111","Source__c":"MONDO:0009756","Xref__c":"DOID:0070111"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/77292","Source__c":"C0268242; MONDO:0009756; ORPHA:77292","Xref__c":"ORPHA:77292"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/257200","Source__c":"C0268242; MONDO:0009756; ORPHA:77292","Xref__c":"OMIM:257200"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/E75.240","Source__c":"MONDO:0009756","Xref__c":"E75.240"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009756","Source__c":"GARD:0007206","Xref__c":"MONDO:0009756"},{"URL__c":"https://secure.ssa.gov/apps10/poms.nsf/lnx/0423022240","Xref__c":"423022240"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"SMPD1","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/smpd1","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal recessive"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Pallor of the perifoveal macula of the retina with appearance of a small circular reddish choroid shape as seen through the fovea centralis due to relative transparency of the macula.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010729","HPO_Synonym__c":"Macular cherry red spot","HPO_Name__c":"Cherry red spot of the macula","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A slow, continuous, involuntary writhing movement that prevents maintenance of a stable posture. Athetosis involves continuous smooth movements that appear random and are not composed of recognizable sub-movements or movement fragments. In contrast to chorea, in athetosis, the same regions of the body are repeatedly involved. Athetosis may worsen with attempts at movement of posture, but athetosis can also occur at rest.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002305","HPO_Synonym__c":"Athetoid movements; Involuntary writhing movements; Involuntary writhing movements in fingers, hands, toes, and feet","HPO_Name__c":"Athetosis","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A kind of anemia in which the volume of the red blood cells is reduced.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001935","HPO_Name__c":"Microcytic anemia","Feature_System__c":"Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of foam cells in the bone marrow, generally demonstrated by bone-marrow aspiration or biopsy. Foam cells have a vacuolated appearance due to the presence of complex lipid deposits, giving them a foamy or soap-suds appearance.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004333","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bone marrow foam cells; Large vacuolated foam cells ('NP cells') on bone marrow biopsy; Large vacuolated foam cells on bone marrow biopsy","HPO_Name__c":"Bone-marrow foam cells","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System; Immune System; Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002019","HPO_Synonym__c":"Constipation; Costiveness; Dyschezia","HPO_Name__c":"Constipation","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Loss of developmental skills, as manifested by loss of developmental milestones.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002376","HPO_Synonym__c":"Loss of acquired milestones; Loss of developmental milestones; Loss of milestones; Mental deterioration in childhood; Neurodevelopmental regression; Psychomotor regression; Psychomotor regression beginning in infancy; Psychomotor regression in infants; Psychomotor regression, progressive","HPO_Name__c":"Developmental regression","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Delayed myelination in the central nervous system.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002188","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delay in central nervous system myelination","HPO_Name__c":"Delayed CNS myelination","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The term intellectual disability or intellectual developmental disorder is used to describe significantly sub-average intellectual and adaptive functioning based on clinical assessment and as measured by individually administered, appropriately normed, standardized and validated tests of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, with onset during the developmental period from infancy through adolescence.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001249","HPO_Synonym__c":"Intellectual disability; Mental deficiency; Mental retardation; Mental retardation, nonspecific; Mental-retardation; Nonprogressive intellectual disability; Nonprogressive mental retardation","HPO_Name__c":"Intellectual disability","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002207","HPO_Name__c":"Diffuse reticular or finely nodular infiltrations","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Imaging_CT"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0031956","HPO_Synonym__c":"Aspartate aminotransferase increased; Elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase; Elevated serum AST; Elevated serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase","HPO_Name__c":"Elevated circulating aspartate aminotransferase concentration","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Neonatal jaundice refers to a yellowing of the skin and other tissues of a newborn infant as a result of increased concentrations of bilirubin in the blood. Neonatal jaundice affects over half of all newborns to some extent in the first week of life. Prolonged neonatal jaundice is said to be present if the jaundice persists for longer than 14 days in term infants and 21 days in preterm infants.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0006579","HPO_Synonym__c":"Neonatal jaundice; Prolonged yellowing of skin in newborn","HPO_Name__c":"Prolonged neonatal jaundice","Feature_System__c":"Skin System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001257","HPO_Synonym__c":"Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm; Muscle spasticity; Muscular spasticity","HPO_Name__c":"Spasticity","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System; Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002205","HPO_Synonym__c":"Frequent respiratory infections; Multiple respiratory infections; Recurrent respiratory infections; respiratory infections, recurrent; Susceptibility to respiratory infections","HPO_Name__c":"Recurrent respiratory infections","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system; Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Failure to thrive (FTT) refers to a child whose physical growth is substantially below the norm.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001508","HPO_Synonym__c":"Faltering weight; FTT; Postnatal failure to thrive; Weight faltering","HPO_Name__c":"Failure to thrive","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of foam cells that contain lamellar inclusion bodies.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003609","HPO_Name__c":"Foam cells with lamellar inclusion bodies","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of histiocytes, in which the cells take on a sea blue appearance due to abnormally increased lipid content. Histiocytes are a type of macrophage. Sea-blue histiocytes are typically large macrophages from 20 to 60 micrometers in diameter with a single eccentric nucleus whose cytoplasm if packed with sea-blue or blue-green granules when stained with Wright-Giemsa.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001982","HPO_Synonym__c":"Sea-blue histiocyte","HPO_Name__c":"Sea-blue histiocytosis","Feature_System__c":"Immune System; Blood and Blood-Forming Tissue","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A thrusting or bulging out of the abdomen.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001538","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abdominal protuberance; Belly sticks out; Extended belly","HPO_Name__c":"Protuberant abdomen","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduced strength of muscles.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001324","HPO_Synonym__c":"Muscle weakness; Muscular weakness","HPO_Name__c":"Muscle weakness","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormally high concentration in the circulation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0031964","HPO_Synonym__c":"Alanine aminotransferase increased; Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase; Elevated serum ALT; Elevated serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase","HPO_Name__c":"Elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of multiple xanthomas (xanthomata) in the skin. Xanthomas are yellowish, firm, lipid-laden nodules in the skin.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000991","HPO_Synonym__c":"Xanthomata; Yellow bumps of fatty deposits on skin","HPO_Name__c":"Xanthomatosis","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A height below that which is expected according to age and sex norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to \\\"short stature\\\" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex (or below the 3rd percentile for age and sex dependent norms).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004322","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased body height; Height less than 3rd percentile; Short stature; Small stature; Stature below 3rd percentile","HPO_Name__c":"Short stature","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormally increased size of the liver.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002240","HPO_Synonym__c":"Enlarged liver","HPO_Name__c":"Hepatomegaly","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An emotional state characterized by negative feelings of heightened frustration, annoyance, or feeling upset, often triggered by internal factors (e.g., fatigue, hunger, unfulfilled desires) or external factors (e.g., social or environmental challenges). Irritability may be unpredictable, and is accompanied by a lowered threshold for emotional reactivity and observable features (speech, facial expressions, or psychomotor activity).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000737","HPO_Synonym__c":"Cranky; Easily annoyed; Easily bothered; Easily upset; Grumpy; Hot-temper; Irritability; Irritable; Irritable mood; On edge; Quick-temper; Short fuse; Short tempered","HPO_Name__c":"Irritability","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The presence of skeletal muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003202","HPO_Synonym__c":"Amyotrophy; Amyotrophy involving the extremities; Muscle atrophy; Muscle atrophy, neurogenic; Muscle degeneration; Muscle hypotrophy; Muscle wasting; Muscular atrophy; Neurogenic muscle atrophy; Neurogenic muscle atrophy, especially in the lower limbs; Neurogenic muscular atrophy","HPO_Name__c":"Skeletal muscle atrophy","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Forceful ejection of the contents of the stomach through the mouth by means of a series of involuntary spasmic contractions.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002013","HPO_Synonym__c":"Emesis; Throwing up; Vomiting","HPO_Name__c":"Vomiting","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Incapability to ambulate.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002540","HPO_Synonym__c":"Inability to walk; Non-ambulatory","HPO_Name__c":"Inability to walk","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Enlargement (swelling) of a lymph node.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002716","HPO_Synonym__c":"Lymph node hyperplasia; Swollen lymph nodes","HPO_Name__c":"Lymphadenopathy","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System; Immune System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility. According to the WHO criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a BMD that lies 2.5 standard deviations or more below the average value for young healthy adults (a T-score below -2.5 SD).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000939","HPO_Name__c":"Osteoporosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction. When an affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from muscle spasticity.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002063","HPO_Synonym__c":"Muscle rigidity; Rigidity","HPO_Name__c":"Rigidity","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Reduction of neurologic reflexes such as the knee-jerk reaction.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001265","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased reflex response; Decreased reflexes","HPO_Name__c":"Hyporeflexia","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001252","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low muscle tone; Low or weak muscle tone; Muscle hypotonia; Muscular hypotonia","HPO_Name__c":"Hypotonia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (between the layers of the peritoneum that lines the abdomen).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001541","HPO_Synonym__c":"Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen; Peritoneal effusion","HPO_Name__c":"Ascites","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Impaired feeding performance of an infant as manifested by difficulties such as weak and ineffective sucking, brief bursts of sucking, and falling asleep during sucking. There may be difficulties with chewing or maintaining attention.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008872","HPO_Name__c":"Feeding difficulties in infancy","Feature_System__c":"Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Abnormal increased size of the spleen.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001744","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased spleen size; Large spleen","HPO_Name__c":"Splenomegaly","Feature_System__c":"Cardiovascular System; Immune System; Digestive System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000256","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased size of cranium; Increased size of skull; Large head; Large head circumference; Macrocephalus; Macrocrania; Megacephaly","HPO_Name__c":"Macrocephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001263","HPO_Synonym__c":"Delayed cognitive development; Delayed development; Delayed developmental milestones; Delayed intellectual development; Delayed milestones; Delayed psychomotor development; Developmental delay; Developmental delay in early childhood; Developmental delay, global; Developmental retardation; GDD; Lack of psychomotor development; Motor and developmental delay; Motormental retardation; Psychomotor delay; Psychomotor development deficiency; Psychomotor development failure; Psychomotor developmental delay; Retarded development; Retarded mental development; Retarded psychomotor development","HPO_Name__c":"Global developmental delay","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"OMIM:257200","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The concentration of lysosphingomyelin in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) or Niemann-Pick type A/B is a lysosomal disorder caused by the deficiency of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) due to pathogenic variants in the SMPD1 gene. Sphingomyelin (SM) is the substrate for ASM that cleaves the phosphorylcholine linkage of SM producing ceramide. SM is a major compound of most cell membranes and coupled with cholesterol constitutes most of the membrane rafts. In the deficiency of ASM, there is primary storage of SM, and the concentration of lysosphingomyelin in dried blood spots and in the blood circulation is typically elevated.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:6001380","HPO_Name__c":"Elevated circulating lysosphingomyelin concentration","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Lab"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics","Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Lysosomal"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Pulmonology","Neurology","Gastroenterology","Inborn Errors of Metabolism","Lysosomal"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Pulmonology","Neurology","Ophthalmology","Gastroenterology","Retinal","Epilepsy","Neurodevelopmental disabilities","Pediatrics"],"Account":["Lysosomal","Retinal","Epilepsy"]},"synonyms":["classical niemann-pick disease"," infantile neurovisceral acid sphingomyelinase deficiency"," infantile neurovisceral asmd"," niemann-pick disease neuropathic type"," niemann-pick disease type a"," niemann-pick disease, acute neuropathic form"," niemann-pick disease, acute neurovisceral form"," npd-a"]}