{"Name":"Achondroplasia","DiseaseID__c":"GARD:0008173","id":8173,"encodedName":"achondroplasia","IsDeleted":false,"Disease_Name_Full__c":"Achondroplasia","Xref_IDs__c":"86268005; C0001080; C34345; D000130; DOID:4480; MEDGEN:1289; MONDO:0007037; NBK1152; OMIM:100800; ORPHA:15; Q77.4","USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","No_of_Specialist_Tagsa__c":3,"No_of_ClinGen_records__c":0,"No_of_GeneReviews__c":1,"No_of_HHS_records__c":2,"World_Estimate__c":"80,000 to 800,000","No_of_HRSA_records__c":0,"Evidence_Based_Score__c":4,"No_of_Disease_Descriptions__c":5,"Disease_Characteristics_Score__c":7,"No_of_Age_at_Onset__c":2,"Description_Source__c":"MONDO:0007037","Disease_Description__c":"A primary bone dysplasia with micromelia characterized by rhizomelia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, brachydactyly, and macrocephaly with frontal bossing and midface hypoplasia.","GARD_Name__c":"Achondroplasia","GARD_Synonym__c":"ach; achondroplastic dwarf; achondroplastic dwarfism; achondroplastic physique; chondrodystrophia; chondrodystrophia fetalis; congenital osteosclerosis; osteosclerosis congenita","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0008173","Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Achondroplasia is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The word achondroplasia means 'without cartilage formation.' Cartilage is a tough but flexible tissue that makes up much of the skeleton during early development. However, in people with achondroplasia the problem is not  forming cartilage but  converting it to bone (a process called ossification), particularly in the long bones of the arms and legs. Achondroplasia is similar to another skeletal disorder called hypochondroplasia, but the features of achondroplasia tend to be more severe. All people with achondroplasia have short stature. Without treatment, the average height of an adult male with achondroplasia is 131 centimeters (4 feet, 4 inches), and the average height for adult females is 124 centimeters (4 feet, 1 inch). Characteristic features of achondroplasia include an average-size trunk, short arms and legs with particularly short upper arms and thighs, limited range of motion at the elbows, and an enlarged head (macrocephaly) with a prominent forehead. Fingers are typically short and the ring finger and middle finger may diverge, giving the hand a three-pronged (trident) appearance.  Health problems commonly associated with achondroplasia include obesity and recurrent ear infections. People with achondroplasia are generally of normal intelligence. In childhood, individuals with the condition usually develop a pronounced and permanent sway of the lower back (lordosis) and bowed legs. Some affected people also develop abnormal front-to-back curvature of the spine (kyphosis) and back pain.  As affected individuals age, they may experience a potentially serious complication of achondroplasia called spinal stenosis. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that can pinch (compress) the upper part of the spinal cord. Spinal stenosis causes with pain, tingling, and weakness in the legs that can make walking difficult. An uncommon but serious complication of achondroplasia in early childhood is stenosis of the hole at the base of the skull where the spinal cord comes out of brain (foramen magnum). This complication can cause compression of the brain stem, which can lead to pauses in breathing during sleep (sleep apnea) or a condition known as hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a buildup of fluid in the brain that can lead to increased head size and related brain abnormalities.","Curated_USA_Estimate_Source__c":null,"Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","Age_at_Onset_Snippet_Text__c":"during Pregnancy and as a Newborn","SourceID__c":"ORPHA:15","Deprecated__c":"No","Disease_Concept_Type__c":"Rare Disease Entity","MONDO_ID__c":"MONDO:0007037","ORPHANET_ID__c":"ORPHA:15","Replaced_By_ID__c":null,"Display_Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"Acondroplasia","Spanish_Description_Source__c":"ORPHA:15","Spanish_Description__c":"Es una displasia ósea primaria con micromelia caracterizada por rizomelia, lordosis lumbar exagerada, braquidactilia y macrocefalia con abombamiento frontal e hipoplasia del tercio mediofacial.","Spanish_Disease_Name__c":"acondroplasia","Spanish_GARD_Synonym__c":null,"Category_Linearization__c":"ORPHA:93419","icd10_id__c":null,"mesh_id__c":null,"omim_id__c":null,"snomed_id__c":null,"umls_id__c":null,"GARD_Disease__c":[{"Curated_Disease_Description__c":"Achondroplasia is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The word achondroplasia means 'without cartilage formation.' Cartilage is a tough but flexible tissue that makes up much of the skeleton during early development. However, in people with achondroplasia the problem is not  forming cartilage but  converting it to bone (a process called ossification), particularly in the long bones of the arms and legs. Achondroplasia is similar to another skeletal disorder called hypochondroplasia, but the features of achondroplasia tend to be more severe. All people with achondroplasia have short stature. Without treatment, the average height of an adult male with achondroplasia is 131 centimeters (4 feet, 4 inches), and the average height for adult females is 124 centimeters (4 feet, 1 inch). Characteristic features of achondroplasia include an average-size trunk, short arms and legs with particularly short upper arms and thighs, limited range of motion at the elbows, and an enlarged head (macrocephaly) with a prominent forehead. Fingers are typically short and the ring finger and middle finger may diverge, giving the hand a three-pronged (trident) appearance.  Health problems commonly associated with achondroplasia include obesity and recurrent ear infections. People with achondroplasia are generally of normal intelligence. In childhood, individuals with the condition usually develop a pronounced and permanent sway of the lower back (lordosis) and bowed legs. Some affected people also develop abnormal front-to-back curvature of the spine (kyphosis) and back pain.  As affected individuals age, they may experience a potentially serious complication of achondroplasia called spinal stenosis. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that can pinch (compress) the upper part of the spinal cord. Spinal stenosis causes with pain, tingling, and weakness in the legs that can make walking difficult. An uncommon but serious complication of achondroplasia in early childhood is stenosis of the hole at the base of the skull where the spinal cord comes out of brain (foramen magnum). This complication can cause compression of the brain stem, which can lead to pauses in breathing during sleep (sleep apnea) or a condition known as hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a buildup of fluid in the brain that can lead to increased head size and related brain abnormalities.","Curated_Disease_Description_Source__c":"GARD:0008173","GARD_Synonym__c":"ach; achondroplastic dwarf; achondroplastic dwarfism; achondroplastic physique; chondrodystrophia; chondrodystrophia fetalis; congenital osteosclerosis; osteosclerosis congenita","Name":"Achondroplasia","Curated_USA_Estimate__c":"50,000","estimateUsa":"50,000"}],"Organization_Supported_Diseases__c":[{"Account_Name__c":"Restricted Growth Association","Website__c":"https://rgauk.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Fundación  ACAR","Website__c":"http://acondroplasia.jimdo.com"},{"Account_Name__c":"Fundación ALPE","Website__c":"http://www.fundacionalpe.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Alianza Iberoamericana de Enfermedades Raras o Poco Frecuentes","Website__c":"https://aliber.org/web/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Mexicana de Enfermedades Raras (FEMEXER)","Website__c":"http://www.femexer.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras","Website__c":"https://enfermedades-raras.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Colombiana de Enfermedades Raras","Website__c":"http://www.fecoer.org"},{"Account_Name__c":"Federación Argentina de Enfermedades Poco Frecuentes","Website__c":"https://fadepof.org.ar/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Asociación Todos Unidos Enfermedades Raras Uruguay","Website__c":"https://atueru.org.uy/"},{"Account_Name__c":"The MAGIC Foundation","Website__c":"https://www.magicfoundation.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Little People of America","Website__c":"https://www.lpaonline.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Human Growth Foundation","Website__c":"https://www.hgfound.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"Little People UK","Website__c":"https://littlepeopleuk.org/"},{"Account_Name__c":"European Reference Network on Bone Disorders","Website__c":"https://ernbond.eu/"}],"GARD_Disease_Tag__c":[{"Tag_Name__c":"Genetics","Tag_Category__c":"Cause;Disease Category;Specialist","category_description":"Genetic diseases affect the DNA, or genetic instructions, which directs how tissues, organs, and body systems function.","curated_tag_name":"Genetic diseases"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Congenital Abnormality","Tag_Category__c":"Disease Category","category_description":"Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body, including how the body looks, works, or both.","curated_tag_name":"Birth defects"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Orthopedics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"},{"Tag_Name__c":"Pediatrics","Tag_Category__c":"Specialist"}],"Age_At_Onset__c":[{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Neonatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15"},{"Age_At_Onset__c":"Antenatal","Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15"}],"Diagnosis__c":[{"Type__c":"GTR","Curie__c":"MEDGEN:C0001080"}],"External_Identifier_Disease__c":[{"URL__c":"https://raresource.nih.gov/diseases/filter/0008173","Source__c":"RareSource"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152","Source__c":"Gene Review","Xref__c":"NBK1152"},{"URL__c":"https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/15","Source__c":"C0001080; MONDO:0007037; ORPHA:15","Xref__c":"ORPHA:15"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/doid/classes?obo_id=DOID%3A4480","Source__c":"MONDO:0007037","Xref__c":"DOID:4480"},{"URL__c":"https://www.omim.org/entry/100800","Source__c":"C0001080; MONDO:0007037; ORPHA:15","Xref__c":"OMIM:100800"},{"URL__c":"https://uts.nlm.nih.gov/uts/umls/concept/C0001080","Source__c":"C0001080","Xref__c":"C0001080"},{"URL__c":"https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/?perspective=full&conceptId1=86268005","Source__c":"C0001080; MONDO:0007037","Xref__c":"86268005"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10CM/Q77.4","Source__c":"MONDO:0007037","Xref__c":"Q77.4"},{"URL__c":"https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C34345","Source__c":"C0001080; MONDO:0007037","Xref__c":"C34345"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/C000130","Source__c":"C0001080; MONDO:0007037","Xref__c":"D000130"},{"URL__c":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/?term=1289","Source__c":"C0001080","Xref__c":"MEDGEN:1289"},{"URL__c":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007037","Source__c":"GARD:0008173","Xref__c":"MONDO:0007037"},{"URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia","Source__c":"GARD:0008173","Xref__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia"},{"URL__c":"https://www.genome.gov/Genetic-Disorders/Achondroplasia"}],"GARD_Disease_Gene__c":[{"GeneSymbol__c":"FGFR3","GHR_URL__c":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/fgfr3","Gene_Type__c":"protein-coding gene","Causal_Gene__c":true}],"Inheritance__c":["Autosomal dominant"],"GARD_Disease_Feature__c":[{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002938","HPO_Synonym__c":"Exaggerated lumbar lordosis; Excessive inward curvature of lower spine; Increased lumbar lordosis; Lumbar lordosis; Prominent lumbar lordosis","HPO_Name__c":"Lumbar hyperlordosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Uncommon (<1-4%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000238","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hydrocephaly; Nonsyndromal hydrocephalus; Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain","HPO_Name__c":"Hydrocephalus","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormality of the function of the middle ear.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011452","HPO_Synonym__c":"Functional abnormality of the middle ear","HPO_Name__c":"Functional abnormality of the middle ear","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Decreased superior-inferior length of the nasal bridge, which is the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003194","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased length of bridge of nose; Decreased length of nasal bridge; Short bridge of nose; Short nasal bridge","HPO_Name__c":"Short nasal bridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000463","HPO_Synonym__c":"Anteverted nose; Anteverted nostrils; Nasal tip, upturned; Nostrils anteverted; Upturned nares; Upturned nasal tip; Upturned nose; Upturned nostrils","HPO_Name__c":"Anteverted nares","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001156","HPO_Synonym__c":"Brachydactyly syndrome; Short fingers or toes","HPO_Name__c":"Brachydactyly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003416","HPO_Synonym__c":"Narrow spinal canal; Spinal stenosis","HPO_Name__c":"Spinal canal stenosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a condition characterized by the obstruction of the airway and pauses in breathing during sleep, which occur multiple times throughout the night. It is related to the relaxation of muscle tone that typically happens during sleep, leading to a partial collapse of the soft tissues in the airway and causing airflow obstruction.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002870","HPO_Name__c":"Obstructive sleep apnea","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Enlargement of the anterior fontanelle with respect to age-dependent norms.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000260","HPO_Synonym__c":"Large anterior fontanel; Large anterior fontanelle; Large open anterior fontanel; Large open anterior fontanelle; Wide anterior fontanelle; Wide open anterior fontanelle; Wider-than-typical soft spot of skull","HPO_Name__c":"Wide anterior fontanel","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Congenital hypoplasia of one or more proximal phalanx of finger.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010241","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypoplasia of the proximal phalanges of the hand; Short innermost finger bones; Short proximal phalanges; Short proximal phalanx of finger; Shortening in proximal phalanges","HPO_Name__c":"Short proximal phalanx of finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A bending or abnormal curvature affecting a long bone of the leg.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002979","HPO_Synonym__c":"Bow legs; Bow-leggedness; Bowed legs; Bowed lower limbs","HPO_Name__c":"Bowing of the legs","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Sleep apnea results from a temporary loss of the central drive to the muscles responsible for breathing.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0010536","HPO_Synonym__c":"Central sleep apnoea","HPO_Name__c":"Central sleep apnea","Feature_System__c":"Nervous System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly of the midface, which is a region and not an anatomical term. It extends, superiorly, from the inferior orbital margin to, inferiorly, the level of nasal base. It is formed by the maxilla (upper jaw) and zygoma and cheeks and malar region. Traditionally, the nose and premaxilla are not included in the midface.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000309","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormal morphology of the midface; Abnormality of the midface; Anomaly of the midface","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal midface morphology","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A dermatosis characterized by thickened, hyperpigmented plaques, typically on the intertriginous surfaces and neck.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000956","HPO_Synonym__c":"Darkened and thickened skin; Keratosis nigricans","HPO_Name__c":"Acanthosis nigricans","Feature_System__c":"Skin System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Hyperconvexity of the thoracolumbar spine producing a rounded or humped appearance.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005619","HPO_Synonym__c":"Thoracolumbar gibbus; Thoracolumbar gibbus deformity","HPO_Name__c":"Thoracolumbar kyphosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A narrowing of the sacrosciatic notch, i.e., the deep indentation in the posterior border of the hip bone at the point of union of the ilium and ischium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003375","HPO_Synonym__c":"Narrow greater sacrosciatic notches; Narrow sacroiliac notch; Narrow sacrosciatic notch; Narrow sciatic notches; Narrowed greater sciatic notch; Narrowed sacrosciatic notch; Small sacrosciatic notch; Small sacrosciatic notches","HPO_Name__c":"Narrow greater sciatic notch","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0045087","HPO_Name__c":"Hip joint hypermobility","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Exaggerated anterior convexity of the thoracic vertebral column.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002808","HPO_Synonym__c":"Gibbus deformity; Hunched back; Hyperkyphosis; Round back","HPO_Name__c":"Kyphosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Short (hypoplastic) middle phalanx of finger, affecting one or more fingers.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005819","HPO_Synonym__c":"Brachymesophalangy; Disproportionately short middle phalanges; Hypoplasia of the middle phalanges of the hand; Hypoplastic middle phalanges; Hypoplastic middle phalanx; Midphalangeal hypoplasia; Short middle bone of finger; Short middle phalanges; Shortened middle finger bones","HPO_Name__c":"Short middle phalanx of finger","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"One or more abnormally short long bone.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003026","HPO_Synonym__c":"Long bone shortening; Short long bone; Short tubular bones; shortened long tubular bones","HPO_Name__c":"Short long bone","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005257","HPO_Synonym__c":"Small chest; Small thorax","HPO_Name__c":"Thoracic hypoplasia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Limited ability to straighten the arm at the elbow joint.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001377","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased elbow extension; Elbow limited extension; Limitation of elbow extension; Limited elbow extension; Limited extension at elbows; Limited forearm extension; Reduced elbow extension; Restricted elbow extension","HPO_Name__c":"Limited elbow extension","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Floppiness/hypotonia is defined as reduced resistance to passive movement of joints. Physical examination of floppy/hypotonic infants shows head lag, lack of shoulder and elbow muscle contraction on traction response, inability to tighten the shoulder girdle muscles (or slipping through) when held under the axillae, scarf sign (when the arm is pulled to the opposite side, the arm wraps around the neck with the elbow crossing midline), hyperdorsiflexion of the feet, easy apposition of the thumb against the forearm, feet touching the cheek with ease and without discomfort, frog leg position, and inverted U sign on ventral suspension (head, arms, and legs hanging down without elbow or knee flexion and the trunk rounded in a dome shape).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008947","HPO_Synonym__c":"Decreased muscle tone in infant; Hypotonia early; Hypotonia in infancy; Hypotonia, early; Infantile hypotonia; Infantile muscular hypotonia","HPO_Name__c":"Floppy infant","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormally low level of blood oxygen.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0012418","HPO_Synonym__c":"Low blood oxygen level","HPO_Name__c":"Hypoxemia","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000256","HPO_Synonym__c":"Increased size of cranium; Increased size of skull; Large head; Large head circumference; Macrocephalus; Macrocrania; Megacephaly","HPO_Name__c":"Macrocephaly","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Flattening of the superior part of the acetabulum, which is a cup-shaped cavity at the base of the hipbone into which the ball-shaped head of the femur fits. The acetabular roof thereby appears horizontal rather than arched, as it normally does.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003180","HPO_Synonym__c":"Acetabular angle flat; Flat acetabular roofs; Flattened acetabular roof; Horizontal acetabulae; Horizontal acetabular roof; Horizontal acetabular roofs","HPO_Name__c":"Flat acetabular roof","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An anomaly of the ilium ala. This is the large expanded portion of the ilum which bounds the greater pelvis laterally.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0011867","HPO_Synonym__c":"Abnormality of the wing of the ilium","HPO_Name__c":"Abnormal iliac wing morphology","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Parietal bossing is a marked prominence in the parietal region.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000242","HPO_Synonym__c":"Biparietal bossing; Bossing of parietal bone","HPO_Name__c":"Parietal bossing","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002007","HPO_Synonym__c":"Frontal protuberance; Skull bossing","HPO_Name__c":"Frontal bossing","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0000365","HPO_Synonym__c":"Deafness; Hearing defect; Hearing impairment; Hypacusis","HPO_Name__c":"Hearing impairment","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008905","HPO_Synonym__c":"Disproportionately short upper portion of limb; Rhizomelic dwarfism; Rhizomelic limb shortening; Rhizomelic short limbs; Rhizomelic short stature; Rhizomelic shortening; Short stature, rhizomelic; Symmetrical rhizomelic limb shortening","HPO_Name__c":"Rhizomelia","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Accumulation of substantial excess body fat.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0001513","HPO_Synonym__c":"Having too much body fat; Obesity","HPO_Name__c":"Obesity","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Occasional (5-29%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A functional defect characterized by reduced total lung capacity (TLC) not associated with abnormalities of expiratory airflow or airway resistance. Spirometrically, a restrictive defect is defined as FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FVC (forced vital capacity) less than 80 per cent. Restrictive lung disease may be caused by alterations in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0002091","HPO_Synonym__c":"Restrictive deficit on pulmonary function testing; Restrictive deficit on pulmonary function tests; Restrictive respiratory disease; Restrictive respiratory insufficiency; Restrictive respiratory syndrome; Spirometric restriction; Stiff lung or chest wall causing decreased lung volume","HPO_Name__c":"Restrictive ventilatory defect","Feature_System__c":"Respiratory system","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Procedure_PFT"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to differing extents.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0003498","HPO_Synonym__c":"Short stature, disproportionate","HPO_Name__c":"Disproportionate short stature","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"A hand in which the fingers are of nearly equal length and deflected at the first interphalangeal joint, so as to give a forklike shape consisting of separation of the first and second as well as the third and fourth digits.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0004060","HPO_Synonym__c":"trident abnormality; trident deformity","HPO_Name__c":"Trident hand","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0005280","HPO_Synonym__c":"Depressed bridge of nose; Depressed nasal bridge; Depressed nasal root; Flat bridge of nose; Flat nasal bridge; Flat nasal root; Flat, nasal bridge; Flattened nasal bridge; Low nasal bridge; Low nasal root; Retruded bridge of nose; Retruded nasal bridge","HPO_Name__c":"Depressed nasal bridge","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"An abnormal narrowing of the cervical spinal canal.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0008445","HPO_Synonym__c":"Narrow cervical spinal canal","HPO_Name__c":"Cervical spinal canal stenosis","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Very frequent (80-99%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"Limb shortening because of underdevelopment of one or more bones of the extremities.","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0009826","HPO_Synonym__c":"Hypoplasia involving bones of the extremities; limb shortening; Limb undergrowth; Short limb; Short limbs","HPO_Name__c":"Limb undergrowth","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}},{"Provided_By__c":"ORPHA:15","HPO_Frequency__c":"Frequent (30-79%)","Feature__r":{"HPO_Description__c":"The ability of the knee to move past its normal range of motion, (knee hyperextension is greater than 10 degrees).","HPO_Feature_URL__c":"https://hpo.jax.org/browse/term/HP:0045086","HPO_Synonym__c":"Knee joint over-flexibility","HPO_Name__c":"Knee joint hypermobility","Feature_System__c":"Musculoskeletal System","HPO_Feature_Type__c":"Symptom"}}],"tags":{"Cause":["Genetics"],"Disease Category":["Genetics","Congenital Abnormality"],"Specialist":["Genetics","Orthopedics","Pediatrics"]},"synonyms":["ach"," achondroplastic dwarf"," achondroplastic dwarfism"," achondroplastic physique"," chondrodystrophia"," chondrodystrophia fetalis"," congenital osteosclerosis"," osteosclerosis congenita"],"spanishId":12001,"spanishName":"acondroplasia"}