Hemoglobin Zurich

Hemoglobin (Hb) Zurich is an inherited blood disorder. People with Hb Zurich have an abnormal form of Hb, a red blood cell (RBC) protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs. This abnormal Hb more readily binds to carbon monoxide (producing carboxyhemoglobin or COHb).^[1] Normally the level of COHb is less than 1-2% in adults. People with Hb Zurich tend to have COHb levels above 3%.^[2] The health effects of Hb Zurich tend to be mild compared to other inherited blood cell disorders.^[3] Symptoms usually develop only when the body is stressed due to an infection or fever or when exposed to certain drugs. Symptoms develop as a result of the premature breakdown of RBC (hemolytic anemia). Click here to visit MedlinePlus.gov and view an illustration of hemoglobin.

People with Hemoglobin (Hb) Zurich do not tend to develop symptoms unless their red blood cells are exposed to certain chemicals, infections, or to stress.^[2] People with hemoglobin Zurich should avoid sulfanilamide.^[1] Some cases of Hb Zurich behave similarly to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) - in that they are especially sensitive to the oxidation of red blood cells.^[2] These individuals may benefit from avoiding or limiting exposure to G6PD triggers, such as antimalarial drugs, aspirin, nitrofurantoin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Quinidine, Quinine, Sulfonamide, fava beans, and mothballs.

The G6PD Deficiency Association, which is an advocacy group that provides information and supportive resources to individuals and families affected by G6PD deficiency, provides a list of drugs and food ingredients that can trigger hemolytic anemia.

The most important aspect of management for hemoglobin (Hb) Zurich is to avoid agents that might trigger hemolytic anemia. Mild hemolytic anemia may not need treatment, as long as the condition doesn't worsen. Treatments for severe hemolytic anemia include blood transfusions, medicines, and plasmapheresis. Click here to visit the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute to learn more about treatment.