The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) provides the following list of features that have been reported in people with this condition. Much of the information in the HPO comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. If available, the list includes a rough estimate of how common a feature is (its frequency). Frequencies are based on a specific study and may not be representative of all studies. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary for definitions of the terms below.
| Signs and Symptoms | Approximate number of patients (when available) |
| Atresia of the external auditory canal | 90% |
| Conductive hearing impairment | 90% |
| Dolichocephaly | 90% |
| Dural ectasia | 90% |
| Hypoplasia of the zygomatic bone | 90% |
| Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears | 90% |
| Meningocele | 90% |
| Narrow face | 90% |
| Ptosis | 90% |
| Wormian bones | 90% |
| Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies | 50% |
| Abnormality of the teeth | 50% |
| Craniofacial hyperostosis | 50% |
| Joint hypermobility | 50% |
| Low posterior hairline | 50% |
| Pectus excavatum | 50% |
| Prominent metopic ridge | 50% |
| Scoliosis | 50% |
| Short neck | 50% |
| Short stature | 50% |
| Umbilical hernia | 50% |
| Arnold-Chiari malformation | 7.5% |
| Cognitive impairment | 7.5% |
| Cryptorchidism | 7.5% |
| Epicanthus | 7.5% |
| Hyperlordosis | 7.5% |
| Hypertelorism | 7.5% |
| Iris coloboma | 7.5% |
| Kyphosis | 7.5% |
| Muscular hypotonia | 7.5% |
| Proptosis | 7.5% |
| Sensorineural hearing impairment | 7.5% |
| Syringomyelia | 7.5% |
| Ventricular septal defect | 7.5% |
| Abnormality of the middle ear ossicles | - |
| Abnormality of the rib cage | - |
| Abnormality of the skin | - |
| Arachnoid cyst | - |
| Arnold-Chiari type I malformation | - |
| Autosomal dominant inheritance | - |
| Biconcave vertebral bodies | - |
| Dental crowding | - |
| High palate | - |
| Inguinal hernia | - |
| Long philtrum | - |
| Low-set ears | - |
| Malar flattening | - |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | - |
| Platybasia | - |
| Posteriorly rotated ears | - |
| Sclerosis of skull base | - |
| Short nasal bridge | - |
| Smooth philtrum | - |
| Vertebral fusion | - |
Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved.
Nonprofit support and advocacy groups bring together patients, families, medical professionals, and researchers. These groups often raise awareness, provide support, and develop patient-centered information. Many are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct people to research, resources, and services. Many groups also have experts who serve as medical advisors. Visit their website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD. Suggest an organization to add.
Living with a genetic or rare disease can impact the daily lives of patients and families. These resources can help families navigate various aspects of living with a rare disease.
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
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Is this hereditary? My daughter was diagnosed at age 4 with empty sella and I'd like to know if having this for life will affect her later. See answer
What is empty sella syndrome? What are the unusual facial features associated with the syndrome? See answer
