The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) provides the following list of features that have been reported in people with this condition. Much of the information in the HPO comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. If available, the list includes a rough estimate of how common a feature is (its frequency). Frequencies are based on a specific study and may not be representative of all studies. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary for definitions of the terms below.
| Signs and Symptoms | Approximate number of patients (when available) |
| Abnormal facial shape | 90% |
| Abnormality of the nasal alae | 90% |
| Abnormality of the palate | 90% |
| Cognitive impairment | 90% |
| Decreased body weight | 90% |
| Hearing abnormality | 90% |
| Hyperinsulinemia | 90% |
| Hypertelorism | 90% |
| Hypoglycemia | 90% |
| Intrauterine growth retardation | 90% |
| Long penis | 90% |
| Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears | 90% |
| Macrotia | 90% |
| Proptosis | 90% |
| Recurrent respiratory infections | 90% |
| Short stature | 90% |
| Skeletal muscle atrophy | 90% |
| Thick lower lip vermilion | 90% |
| Thickened nuchal skin fold | 90% |
| Type II diabetes mellitus | 90% |
| Abnormality of the liver | 50% |
| Delayed skeletal maturation | 50% |
| Depressed nasal bridge | 50% |
| Feeding difficulties in infancy | 50% |
| Female pseudohermaphroditism | 50% |
| Gynecomastia | 50% |
| Hypertrichosis | 50% |
| Lipoatrophy | 50% |
| Umbilical hernia | 50% |
| Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the abdominal wall musculature | 7.5% |
| Cryptorchidism | 7.5% |
| Microcephaly | 7.5% |
| Abdominal distention | - |
| Abnormality of the abdominal wall | - |
| Acanthosis nigricans | - |
| Adipose tissue loss | - |
| Autosomal recessive inheritance | - |
| Cholestasis | - |
| Elfin facies | - |
| Fasting hypoglycemia | - |
| Gingival overgrowth | - |
| Hepatic fibrosis | - |
| Hyperglycemia | - |
| Hyperkeratosis | - |
| Hypermelanotic macule | - |
| Large hands | - |
| Long foot | - |
| Low-set ears | - |
| Nail dysplasia | - |
| obsolete Clitoromegaly | - |
| Ovarian cyst | - |
| Pancreatic islet-cell hyperplasia | - |
| Postnatal growth retardation | - |
| Postprandial hyperglycemia | - |
| Precocious puberty | - |
| Prominent nipples | - |
| Recurrent infections | - |
| Severe failure to thrive | - |
| Small face | - |
| Wide mouth | - |
Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.
Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved.
Living with a genetic or rare disease can impact the daily lives of patients and families. These resources can help families navigate various aspects of living with a rare disease.
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
